Plant Physiol. EPICENTRE Biotechnologies
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Benzothiadiazole-Mediated Induced Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in Tomato1

Nicole Benhamou* and Richard R. Bélanger

Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, Pavillon Charles-Eugène Marchand (N.B.), and Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (R.R.B.), Université Laval, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4

Benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), a synthetic chemical, was applied as a foliar spray to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants and evaluated for its potential to confer increased resistance against the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL). In nontreated tomato plants all root tissues were massively colonized by FORL hyphae. Pathogen ingress toward the vascular stele was accompanied by severe host cell alterations, including cell wall breakdown. In BTH-treated plants striking differences in the rate and extent of fungal colonization were observed. Pathogen growth was restricted to the epidermis and the outer cortex, and fungal ingress was apparently halted by the formation of callose-enriched wall appositions at sites of fungal penetration. In addition, aggregated deposits, which frequently established close contact with the invading hyphae, accumulated in densely colonized epidermal cells and filled most intercellular spaces. Upon incubation of sections with gold-complexed laccase for localization of phenolic-like compounds, a slight deposition of gold particles was observed over both the host cell walls and the wall appositions. Labeling was also detected over the walls of fungal cells showing signs of obvious alteration ranging from cytoplasm disorganization to protoplasm retraction. We provide evidence that foliar applications of BTH sensitize susceptible tomato plants to react more rapidly and more efficiently to FORL attack through the formation of protective layers at sites of potential fungal entry.

1   This work was supported by grants from the Fonds Québécois pour la Formation de Chercheurs et l'Aide à la Recherche and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail nben{at}rsvs.ulaval.ca; fax 1-418-656-7176.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 1203-1212
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//10
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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