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Changes in Hexokinase Activity in Echinochloa phyllopogon and Echinochloa crus-pavonis in Response to Abiotic Stress1

Theodore C. Fox, Brian J. Green, Robert A. Kennedy, and Mary E. Rumpho*

Program in Plant Physiology and Plant Biotechnology and Departments of Horticultural Sciences (T.C.F., B.J.G., M.E.R.), and Biology (R.A.K.), Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843

Hexokinase (HXK; EC 2.7.1.1) regulates carbohydrate entry into glycolysis and is known to be a sensor for sugar-responsive gene expression. The effect of abiotic stresses on HXK activity was determined in seedlings of the flood-tolerant plant Echinochloa phyllopogon (Stev.) Koss and the flood-intolerant plant Echinochloa crus-pavonis (H.B.K.) Schult grown aerobically for 5 d before being subjected to anaerobic, chilling, heat, or salt stress. HXK activity was stimulated in shoots of E. phyllopogon only by anaerobic stress. HXK activity was only transiently elevated in E. crus-pavonis shoots during anaerobiosis. In roots of both species, anoxia and chilling stimulated HXK activity. Thus, HXK is not a general stress protein but is specifically induced by anoxia and chilling in E. phyllopogon and E. crus-pavonis. In both species HXK exhibited an optimum pH between 8.5 and 9.0, but the range was extended to pH 7.0 in air-grown E. phyllopogon to 6.5 in N2-grown E. phyllopogon. At physiologically relevant pHs (6.8 and 7.3, N2 and O2 conditions, respectively), N2-grown seedlings retained greater HXK activity at the lower pH. The pH response suggests that in N2-grown seedlings HXK can function in a more acidic environment and that a specific isozyme may be important for regulating glycolytic activity during anaerobic metabolism in E. phyllopogon.

1   This work was supported in part by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (no. 94-37100-0310) and the USDA-Cooperative State Research Service Triagency Plant Biology Program on Collaborative Research (no. 92-37105-7675).
*   Corresponding author; e-mail m-rumpho{at}tamu.edu; fax 1-409-845-0627.

Plant Physiol. (1998) 118: 1403-1409
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/98/118//07
© 1998 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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