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Novel, Starch-Like Polysaccharides Are Synthesized by an Unbound Form of Granule-Bound Starch Synthase in Glycogen-Accumulating Mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

David Dauvillée, Christophe Colleoni, Eudean Shaw, Gregory Mouille, Christophe D'Hulst, Matthew Morell, Michael S. Samuel, Brigitte Bouchet, Daniel J. Gallant, Anthony Sinskey, and Steven Ball*

Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte de Recherche du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifiquen no. 8576, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France (D.D., C.C., G.M., C.D.H., S.B.); Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 77 Massachussetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 (E.S., A.S.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia (G.M., M.M., M.S.S.); and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Recherches sur les Polysaccharides, leurs Organizations et Interactions, B.P. 71627, 44316 Nantes cedex 03, France (B.B., D.J.G.)

In vascular plants, mutations leading to a defect in debranching enzyme lead to the simultaneous synthesis of glycogen-like material and normal starch. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii comparable defects lead to the replacement of starch by phytoglycogen. Therefore, debranching was proposed to define a mandatory step for starch biosynthesis. We now report the characterization of small amounts of an insoluble, amylose-like material found in the mutant algae. This novel, starch-like material was shown to be entirely dependent on the presence of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSSI), the enzyme responsible for amylose synthesis in plants. However, enzyme activity assays, solubilization of proteins from the granule, and western blots all failed to detect GBSSI within the insoluble polysaccharide matrix. The glycogen-like polysaccharides produced in the absence of GBSSI were proved to be qualitatively and quantitatively identical to those produced in its presence. Therefore, we propose that GBSSI requires the presence of crystalline amylopectin for granule binding and that the synthesis of amylose-like material can proceed at low levels without the binding of GBSSI to the polysaccharide matrix. Our results confirm that amylopectin synthesis is completely blocked in debranching-enzyme-defective mutants of C. reinhardtii.

*   Corresponding author; e-mail steven.ball{at}univ-lille1.fr; fax 33-3-20-43-65-55.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 321-330
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/119//10
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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