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Structure, Properties, and Tissue Localization of Apoplastic alpha -Glucosidase in Crucifers1

Jonathan D. Monroe*, Christopher M. Gough, Leeann E. Chandler, Christian M. Loch, Joy E. Ferrante, and Paul W. Wright

Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807

Apoplastic alpha -glucosidases occur widely in plants but their function is unknown because appropriate substrates in the apoplast have not been identified. Arabidopsis contains at least three alpha -glucosidase genes; Aglu-1 and Aglu-3 are sequenced and Aglu-2 is known from six expressed sequence tags. Antibodies raised to a portion of Aglu-1 expressed in Escherichia coli recognize two proteins of 96 and 81 kD, respectively, in vegetative tissues of Arabidopsis, broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.), and mustard (Brassica napus L.). The acidic alpha -glucosidase activity from broccoli flower buds was purified using concanavalin A and ion-exchange chromatography. Two active fractions were resolved and both contained a 96-kD immunoreactive polypeptide. The N-terminal sequence from the 96-kD broccoli alpha -glucosidase indicated that it corresponds to the Arabidopsis Aglu-2 gene and that approximately 15 kD of the predicted N terminus was cleaved. The 81-kD protein was more abundant than the 96-kD protein, but it was not active with 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha -D-glucopyranoside as the substrate and it did not bind to concanavalin A. In situ activity staining using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-alpha -D-glucopyranoside revealed that the acidic alpha -glucosidase activity is predominantly located in the outer cortex of broccoli stems and in vascular tissue, especially in leaf traces.

1   This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Research Initiative Competitive Research Grants Program (grant nos. 94-04200 and 96-00679).
*   Corresponding author; e-mail monroejd{at}jmu.edu; fax 1-540-568-3333.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 385-398
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/119//14
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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