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Interactions between Senescence and Leaf Orientation Determine in
Situ Patterns of Photosynthesis and Photoinhibition in Field-Grown
Rice1
Erik H. Murchie,
Yi-zhu Chen,
Stella Hubbart,
Shaobing Peng, and
Peter Horton*
Robert Hill Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and
Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10
2TN, United Kingdom (E.H.M., S.H., P.H.); and Agronomy, Plant
Physiology and Agroecology Division, International Rice Research
Institute, P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines (Y.C., S.P.)
Photosynthesis and photoinhibition in
field-grown rice (Oryza sativa L.) were examined in
relation to leaf age and orientation. Two varieties (IR72 and
IR65598-112-2 [BSI206]) were grown in the field in the Philippines
during the dry season under highly irrigated, well-fertilized
conditions. Flag leaves were examined 60 and 100 d after
transplanting. Because of the upright nature of 60-d-old rice leaves,
patterns of photosynthesis were determined by solar movements: light
falling on the exposed surface in the morning, a low incident angle of
irradiance at midday, and light striking the opposite side of the leaf
blade in the afternoon. There was an early morning burst of
CO2 assimilation and high levels of saturation of
photosystem II electron transfer as incident irradiance reached a
maximum level. However, by midday the photochemical efficiency
increased again almost to maximum. Leaves that were 100 d old
possessed a more horizontal orientation and were found to suffer
greater levels of photoinhibition than younger leaves, and this was
accompanied by increases in the de-epoxidation state of the
xanthophyll cycle. Older leaves had significantly lower chlorophyll content but only slightly diminished photosynthesis capacity.
1
This research was supported by contract no.
ARP505H of the Department for International Development of the U.K.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail p.horton{at}sheffield.ac.uk; fax
44-114-222-2787.
Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 553-564
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/99/119//12
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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