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Ectopic Expression of the Maize Homeobox Gene
Liguleless3 Alters Cell Fates in the
Leaf1
Gary J. Muehlbauer2, 3, *,
John E. Fowler2, 4,
Lisa Girard,
Randall Tyers,
Lisa Harper5, and
Michael Freeling
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of
California, Berkeley, California 94720
The
semidominant mutation Liguleless3-O
(Lg3-O) causes a blade-to-sheath transformation at the
midrib region of the maize (Zea mays L.) leaf. We
isolated a full-length lg3 cDNA containing a
knotted1-like family homeobox. Six Lg3-O
partial revertant alleles caused by insertion of a
Mutator (Mu) transposon and two deletion derivatives were isolated and used to verify that our
knotted1-like cDNA corresponds to the LG3 message. In
wild-type plants the LG3 mRNA is expressed in apical regions but is not
expressed in leaves. In mutant plants harboring any of three dominant
lg3 alleles (Lg3-O, -Mlg, and
-347), LG3 mRNA is expressed in leaf sheath tissue, indicating that the Lg3 phenotype is due to ectopic expression of
the gene. The Lg3-O revertant alleles represent two
classes of Lg3 phenotypes that correlate well with the level of ectopic Lg3 expression. High levels of ectopic LG3 mRNA expression results in a
severe Lg3 phenotype, whereas weak ectopic Lg3 expression results in a
mild Lg3 phenotype. We propose that ectopic Lg3 expression early in
leaf development causes the blade-to-sheath transformation, but the
level of expression determines the extent of the transformation.
1
This work was supported by National Institutes
of Health Postdoctoral grant no. 5 F32 GM-16619-02 to G.J.M., a Howard
Hughes Medical Institute predoctoral fellowship to J.E.F., and a
National Institutes of Health grant to M.F.
2
These authors contributed equally to this
paper.
3
Present address: Department of Agronomy and
Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108.
4
Present address: Department of Botany and Plant
Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.
5
Present address: Department of Molecular and
Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Muehl003{at}tc.umn.edu; fax
1-612-625-1268.
Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 651-662
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/99/119//12
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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