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Biochemical Analysis of Plant Protection Afforded by a Nonpathogenic Endophytic Mutant of Colletotrichum magna1

Regina S. Redman, Stanley Freeman, David R. Clifton, Jed Morrel, Gayle Brown, and Rusty J. Rodriguez*

Western Fisheries Research Center, Biological Resources Division, United States Geological Survey, 6505 N.E. 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115 (R.S.R., D.R.C., J.M., G.B., R.J.R.); Department of Botany, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5325 (R.S.R., R.J.R.); and Department of Plant Pathology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (S.F.)

A nonpathogenic mutant of Colletotrichum magna (path-1) was previously shown to protect watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings from anthracnose disease elicited by wild-type C. magna. Disease protection was observed in stems of path-1-colonized cucurbits but not in cotyledons, indicating that path-1 conferred tissue-specific and/or localized protection. Plant biochemical indicators of a localized and systemic (peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, lignin, and salicylic acid) "plant-defense" response were investigated in anthracnose-resistant and -susceptible cultivars of cucurbit seedlings exposed to four treatments: (1) water (control), (2) path-1 conidia, (3) wild-type conidia, and (4) challenge conditions (inoculation into path-1 conidia for 48 h and then exposure to wild-type conidia). Collectively, these analyses indicated that disease protection in path-1-colonized plants was correlated with the ability of these plants to mount a defense response more rapidly and to equal or greater levels than plants exposed to wild-type C. magna alone. Watermelon plants colonized with path-1 were also protected against disease caused by Colletotrichum orbiculare and Fusarium oxysporum. A model based on the kinetics of plant-defense activation is presented to explain the mechanism of path-1-conferred disease protection.

1   This research was supported in part by a postdoctoral fellowship grant from the U.S.-Israel Agricultural Research and Development Fund (BARD) awarded to S.F. Partial support was also provided by a joint National Science Foundation, Department of Energy-U.S. Department of Agriculture grant (to R.J.R. as co-private investigator) and by a BARD grant awarded to R.J.R. and S.F.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail Rusty_Rodriguez{at}usgs.gov; fax 1-206-526-6654.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 795-804
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/119//10
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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