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Identification of a Calmodulin-Regulated Ca2+-ATPase
in the Endoplasmic Reticulum1
Bimei Hong,
Audrey Ichida,
Yuwen Wang,
J. Scott Gens,
Barbara G. Pickard, and
Jeffrey F. Harper*
Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, BCC283,
10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037 (B.H., Y.W.,
J.F.H.); and Department of Biology, Washington University, St.
Louis, Missouri 63130-4899 (A.I., J.S.G., B.G.P.)
A unique subfamily of
calmodulin-dependent Ca2+-ATPases was recently identified
in plants. In contrast to the most closely related pumps in animals,
plasma membrane-type Ca2+-ATPases, members of this new
subfamily are distinguished by a calmodulin-regulated autoinhibitor
located at the N-terminal instead of a C-terminal end. In addition, at
least some isoforms appear to reside in non-plasma membrane locations.
To begin delineating their functions, we investigated the subcellular
localization of isoform ACA2p (Arabidopsis
Ca2+-ATPase, isoform 2
protein) in Arabidopsis. Here we provide evidence that ACA2p
resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In buoyant density sucrose
gradients performed with and without Mg2+, ACA2p
cofractionated with an ER membrane marker and a typical "ER-type"
Ca2+-ATPase, ACA3p/ECA1p. To visualize its subcellular
localization, ACA2p was tagged with a green fluorescence protein at its
C terminus (ACA2-GFPp) and expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis. We
collected fluorescence images from live root cells using confocal and
computational optical-sectioning microscopy. ACA2-GFPp appeared as a
fluorescent reticulum, consistent with an ER location. In addition, we
observed strong fluorescence around the nuclei of mature epidermal
cells, which is consistent with the hypothesis that ACA2p may also
function in the nuclear envelope. An ER location makes ACA2p distinct
from all other calmodulin-regulated pumps identified in plants or
animals.
1
This research was supported by a U.S. Department
of Energy grant (no. DE-FG03-94ER20152) to J.F.H. and a joint grant
(no. IBN-9416038) from the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and the National Science Foundation for the Plant
Sensory Systems Collaborative Research Network. Support for
computational microscopy was provided by a National Institutes of
Health grant (no. RR01380) to the Institute for Biomedical Computing at
Washington University and to J.S.G. through a Monsanto predoctoral
fellowship in plant biology.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Harper{at}Scripps.edu; fax
1- 619-784-9840.
Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 1165-1176
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/99/119//12
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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