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Hypersensitive Cell Death and Papilla Formation in Barley
Attacked by the Powdery Mildew Fungus Are Associated
with Hydrogen
Peroxide but Not with Salicylic
Acid
Accumulation1
Ralph Hückelhoven,
József Fodor,
Christine Preis, and
Karl-Heinz Kogel*
Institute for Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Ludwigstrasse 23, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35390 Giessen, Germany (R.H.,
C.P., K.-H.K.); and Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, P.O. Box 102, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary (J.F.)
We analyzed the pathogenesis-related
generation of H2O2 using the microscopic
detection of 3,3-diaminobenzidine polymerization in near-isogenic
barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines carrying different powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp.
hordei) resistance genes, and in a line expressing
chemically activated resistance after treatment with
2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (DCINA). Hypersensitive cell death in
Mla12 and Mlg genotypes or after chemical
activation by DCINA was associated with H2O2
accumulation throughout attacked cells. Formation of cell wall
appositions (papillae) mediated in Mlg and
mlo5 genotypes and in DCINA-activated plants was
paralleled by H2O2 accumulation in effective
papillae and in cytosolic vesicles of up to 2 µm in diameter near the
papillae. H2O2 was not detected in ineffective
papillae of cells that had been successfully penetrated by the fungus.
These findings support the hypothesis that H2O2 may play a substantial role in plant defense against the powdery mildew
fungus. We did not detect any accumulation of salicylic acid in primary
leaves after inoculation of the different barley genotypes, indicating
that these defense responses neither relied on nor provoked salicylic
acid accumulation in barley.
1
The work was supported by the Bundesministerium
für Bildung, Wissenschaft Forschung und Technologie (Bonn,
Germany), and by the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, Bonn,
Germany.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail karl-heinz.kogel{at}agrar.uni-giessen.de;
fax 49-641-99-37499.
Plant Physiol. (1999) 119: 1251-1260
Copyright Clearance Center: 0032-0889/99/119//10
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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