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Reduced Activity of Geranylgeranyl Reductase Leads to Loss of Chlorophyll and Tocopherol and to Partially Geranylgeranylated Chlorophyll in Transgenic Tobacco Plants Expressing Antisense RNA for Geranylgeranyl Reductase1

Ryouichi Tanaka2, Ulrike Oster, Elisabeth Kruse, Wolfhart Rüdiger, and Bernhard Grimm*

Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Corrensstrasse 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany (R.T., E.K., B.G.); and Botanisches Institut der Ludwig Maximilian Universität München, Menzinger Strasse 67, 80638 München, Germany (U.O., W.R.)

The enzyme geranylgeranyl reductase (CHL P) catalyzes the reduction of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to phytyl diphosphate. We identified a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cDNA sequence encoding a 52-kD precursor protein homologous to the Arabidopsis and bacterial CHL P. The effects of deficient CHL P activity on chlorophyll (Chl) and tocopherol contents were studied in transgenic plants expressing antisense CHL P RNA. Transformants with gradually reduced Chl P expression showed a delayed growth rate and a pale or variegated phenotype. Transformants grown in high (500 µmol m-2 s-1; HL) and low (70 µmol photon m-2 s-1; LL) light displayed a similar degree of reduced tocopherol content during leaf development, although growth of wild-type plants in HL conditions led to up to a 2-fold increase in tocopherol content. The total Chl content was more rapidly reduced during HL than LL conditions. Up to 58% of the Chl content was esterified with geranylgeraniol instead of phytol under LL conditions. Our results indicate that CHL P provides phytol for both tocopherol and Chl synthesis. The transformants are a valuable model with which to investigate the adaptation of plants with modified tocopherol levels against deleterious environmental conditions.

1   This work was supported in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant no. SFB 184), Bonn, Germany.
2   Present address: The Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19 W8, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan.
*   Corresponding author; e-mail grimm{at}ipk-gatersleben.de; fax 49-39482-5139.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 120: 695-704
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/120//10
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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