Plant Physiol. Illumina
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (48)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Blázquez, M. A.
Right arrow Articles by Weigel, D.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Blázquez, M. A.
Right arrow Articles by Weigel, D.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Blázquez, M. A.
Right arrow Articles by Weigel, D.

Independent Regulation of Flowering by Phytochrome B and Gibberellins in Arabidopsis1

Miguel A. Blázquez and Detlef Weigel*

Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037

Phytochromes and gibberellins (GAs) coordinately regulate multiple aspects of Arabidopsis development. Phytochrome B (PHYB) promotes seed germination by increasing GA biosynthesis, but inhibits hypocotyl elongation by decreasing the responsiveness to GAs. Later in the life cycle of the plant, PHYB and GAs have opposite effects on flowering. PHYB delays flowering, while GAs promote flowering, particularly under noninductive photoperiods. To learn how PHYB and GAs interact in the control of flowering, we have analyzed the effect of a phyB mutation on flowering time and on the expression of the floral meristem-identity gene LFY (LEAFY). We show that the early flowering caused by phyB correlated with an increase in LFY expression, which complements our previous finding that GAs are required for activation of LFY under noninductive photoperiods (M.A. Blázquez, R. Green, O. Nilsson, M.R. Sussman, D. Weigel [1998] Plant Cell 10: 791-800). Since phyB did not change the GA responsiveness of the LFY promoter and suppressed the lack of flowering of severe GA-deficient mutants under short days, we propose that PHYB modulates flowering time at least partially through a GA-independent pathway. Interestingly, the effects of PHYB on flowering do not seem to be mediated by transcriptional up-regulation of genes such as CO (CONSTANS) and FT (Flowering locus T), which are known to mediate the effects of the photoperiod-dependent floral-induction pathway.

1   This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (no. MCB-9723823 to D.W.) and the Human Frontiers Science Program Organization (no. RG 303/97 to D.W.). M.A.B. received fellowships from the Spanish Ministry of Education and the Human Frontiers Science Program Organization. D.W. is a National Science Foundation Young Investigator and receives support from Agritope (Oregon).
*   Corresponding author; e-mail weigel{at}salk.edu; fax 858-558-6379.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 120: 1025-1032
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/120//08
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
A. C. Wollenberg, B. Strasser, P. D. Cerdan, and R. M. Amasino
Acceleration of Flowering during Shade Avoidance in Arabidopsis Alters the Balance between FLOWERING LOCUS C-Mediated Repression and Photoperiodic Induction of Flowering
Plant Physiology, November 1, 2008; 148(3): 1681 - 1694.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Cell PhysiolHome page
C. R. Andersson, C. A. Helliwell, D. J. Bagnall, T. P. Hughes, E. J. Finnegan, W. J. Peacock, and E. S. Dennis
The FLX Gene of Arabidopsis is Required for FRI-Dependent Activation of FLC Expression
Plant Cell Physiol., February 1, 2008; 49(2): 191 - 200.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Exp BotHome page
T. H. Kebrom and T. P. Brutnell
The molecular analysis of the shade avoidance syndrome in the grasses has begun
J. Exp. Bot., October 5, 2007; (2007) erm205v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
X. Zhao, X. Yu, E. Foo, G. M. Symons, J. Lopez, K. T. Bendehakkalu, J. Xiang, J. L. Weller, X. Liu, J. B. Reid, et al.
A Study of Gibberellin Homeostasis and Cryptochrome-Mediated Blue Light Inhibition of Hypocotyl Elongation
Plant Physiology, September 1, 2007; 145(1): 106 - 118.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GENES CELLSHome page
S. Hanano, M. A. Domagalska, F. Nagy, and S. J. Davis
Multiple phytohormones influence distinct parameters of the plant circadian clock
Genes Cells, December 1, 2006; 11(12): 1381 - 1392.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DevelopmentHome page
S. Laubinger, V. Marchal, J. Gentilhomme, S. Wenkel, J. Adrian, S. Jang, C. Kulajta, H. Braun, G. Coupland, and U. Hoecker
Arabidopsis SPA proteins regulate photoperiodic flowering and interact with the floral inducer CONSTANS to regulate its stability
Development, August 15, 2006; 133(16): 3213 - 3222.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN BOT (LOND)Home page
K. A. FRANKLIN and G. C. WHITELAM
Phytochromes and Shade-avoidance Responses in Plants
Ann. Bot., August 1, 2005; 96(2): 169 - 175.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant CellHome page
T. Mizoguchi, L. Wright, S. Fujiwara, F. Cremer, K. Lee, H. Onouchi, A. Mouradov, S. Fowler, H. Kamada, J. Putterill, et al.
Distinct Roles of GIGANTEA in Promoting Flowering and Regulating Circadian Rhythms in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL, August 1, 2005; 17(8): 2255 - 2270.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Cell PhysiolHome page
A. Yamaguchi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Goto, M. Abe, and T. Araki
TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) Acts as a Floral Pathway Integrator Redundantly with FT
Plant Cell Physiol., August 1, 2005; 46(8): 1175 - 1189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 GeneticsHome page
S. Jeong and S. E. Clark
Photoperiod Regulates Flower Meristem Development in Arabidopsis thaliana
Genetics, February 1, 2005; 169(2): 907 - 915.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 DevelopmentHome page
H. An, C. Roussot, P. Suarez-Lopez, L. Corbesier, C. Vincent, M. Pineiro, S. Hepworth, A. Mouradov, S. Justin, C. Turnbull, et al.
CONSTANS acts in the phloem to regulate a systemic signal that induces photoperiodic flowering of Arabidopsis
Development, August 1, 2004; 131(15): 3615 - 3626.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. R. Stinchcombe, C. Weinig, M. Ungerer, K. M. Olsen, C. Mays, S. S. Halldorsdottir, M. D. Purugganan, and J. Schmitt
A latitudinal cline in flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana modulated by the flowering time gene FRIGIDA
PNAS, March 30, 2004; 101(13): 4712 - 4717.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant CellHome page
M. Pineiro, C. Gomez-Mena, R. Schaffer, J. M. Martinez-Zapater, and G. Coupland
EARLY BOLTING IN SHORT DAYS Is Related to Chromatin Remodeling Factors and Regulates Flowering in Arabidopsis by Repressing FT
PLANT CELL, July 1, 2003; 15(7): 1552 - 1562.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Genes Dev.Home page
D. Staiger, L. Allenbach, N. Salathia, V. Fiechter, S. J. Davis, A. J. Millar, J. Chory, and C. Fankhauser
The Arabidopsis SRR1 gene mediates phyB signaling and is required for normal circadian clock function
Genes & Dev., January 15, 2003; 17(2): 256 - 268.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
M. A. Blazquez, M. Trenor, and D. Weigel
Independent Control of Gibberellin Biosynthesis and Flowering Time by the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology, December 1, 2002; 130(4): 1770 - 1775.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Genes Dev.Home page
T. Izawa, T. Oikawa, N. Sugiyama, T. Tanisaka, M. Yano, and K. Shimamoto
Phytochrome mediates the external light signal to repress FT orthologs in photoperiodic flowering of rice
Genes & Dev., August 1, 2002; 16(15): 2006 - 2020.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
G. G. Simpson and C. Dean
Arabidopsis, the Rosetta Stone of Flowering Time?
Science, April 12, 2002; 296(5566): 285 - 289.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ANN BOT (LOND)Home page
F. L. G.-L. SAOS, A. HOURMANT, F. ESNAULT, and J. E. CHAUVIN
In vitro Bulb Development in Shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum Group): Effects of Anti-gibberellins, Sucrose and Light
Ann. Bot., April 1, 2002; 89(4): 419 - 425.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
T. Sakamoto, M. Kobayashi, H. Itoh, A. Tagiri, T. Kayano, H. Tanaka, S. Iwahori, and M. Matsuoka
Expression of a Gibberellin 2-Oxidase Gene around the Shoot Apex Is Related to Phase Transition in Rice
Plant Physiology, March 1, 2001; 125(3): 1508 - 1516.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
C. Fankhauser and J. Chory
RSF1, an Arabidopsis Locus Implicated in Phytochrome A Signaling
Plant Physiology, September 1, 2000; 124(1): 39 - 46.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
C. Lin
Photoreceptors and Regulation of Flowering Time
Plant Physiology, May 1, 2000; 123(1): 39 - 50.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
D. Weigel, J. H. Ahn, M. A. Blázquez, J. O. Borevitz, S. K. Christensen, C. Fankhauser, C. Ferrándiz, I. Kardailsky, E. J. Malancharuvil, M. M. Neff, et al.
Activation Tagging in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology, April 1, 2000; 122(4): 1003 - 1014.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Genes Dev.Home page
M. M. Neff, C. Fankhauser, and J. Chory
Light: an indicator of time and place
Genes & Dev., February 1, 2000; 14(3): 257 - 271.
[Full Text]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
ASPB Publications PLANT PHYSIOLOGY® THE PLANT CELL
Copyright © 1999 by the American Society of Plant Biologists