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Plant Physiol, November 1999, Vol. 121, pp. 1047-1052

Enhanced Formation of alpha -Tocopherol and Highly Oxidized Abietane Diterpenes in Water-Stressed Rosemary Plants1

Sergi Munné-Bosch, Karin Schwarz, and Leonor Alegre*

Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain (S.M., L.A.); and Institut für Lebensmittelwissenchaft, Universität Hannover, Wunstorfer Strasse 14, 30453 Hannover, Germany (K.S.)

The lipid-soluble antioxidants alpha -tocopherol and carnosic acid were studied in field-grown rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plants subjected to drought. During summer in the Mediterranean region, the predawn water potential decreased to -3 MPa and the relative water content to 42%, which caused a depletion of the maximum diurnal CO2 assimilation rate by 80%. Meanwhile, the maximum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry and the chlorophyll content of leaves remained unaltered, indicative of the absence of photooxidative damage. The concentration of alpha -tocopherol increased by 15-fold and that of carotenoids by approximately 26% in response to water stress. Enhanced formation of the highly oxidized abietane diterpenes isorosmanol (by 25%) and dimethyl isorosmanol (by 40%) was observed during the summer as result of the oxidation of carnosic acid, which decreased by 22%. The large amounts of carnosic acid, alpha -tocopherol, and carotenoids present in rosemary leaves might contribute to the prevention of oxidative damage in plants exposed to drought.

1 This research was supported by grant no. PB96-1257 from Programa Sectorial de Promoción General del Conocimiento and by a research studentship to S.M. from the University of Barcelona.

* Corresponding author; e-mail leonor{at}porthos.bio.ub.es; fax 34-93-411-28-42.

© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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