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Plant Physiol, November 1999, Vol. 121, pp. 743-752
Brassinosteroid-Insensitive Dwarf Mutants of Arabidopsis
Accumulate Brassinosteroids1
Takahiro
Noguchi,
Shozo
Fujioka,*
Sunghwa
Choe,
Suguru
Takatsuto,
Shigeo
Yoshida,
Heng
Yuan,
Kenneth A.
Feldmann, and
Frans E.
Tax
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako-shi,
Saitama 351-0198, Japan (T.N., S.F., S.Y.); Departments of Plant
Sciences (S.C., H.Y., K.A.F.) and Molecular and Cellular Biology
(F.E.T.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; Department of
Chemistry, Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu-shi, Niigata
943-8512, Japan (S.T.); and Tama Biochemical Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku,
Tokyo 163-0704, Japan (T.N.)
Seven dwarf mutants resembling
brassinosteroid (BR)-biosynthetic dwarfs were isolated that did
not respond significantly to the application of exogenous BRs. Genetic
and molecular analyses revealed that these were novel alleles of
BRI1 (Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 1), which encodes a
receptor kinase that may act as a receptor for BRs or be involved in
downstream signaling. The results of morphological and molecular
analyses indicated that these represent a range of alleles from weak to
null. The endogenous BRs were examined from 5-week-old plants of a null
allele (bri1-4) and two weak alleles
(bri1-5 and bri1-6). Previous analysis of
endogenous BRs in several BR-biosynthetic dwarf mutants revealed that
active BRs are deficient in these mutants. However,
bri1-4 plants accumulated very high levels of
brassinolide, castasterone, and typhasterol (57-, 128-, and 33-fold
higher, respectively, than those of wild-type plants). Weaker alleles
(bri1-5 and bri1-6) also accumulated
considerable levels of brassinolide, castasterone, and typhasterol, but
less than the null allele (bri1-4). The levels of
6-deoxoBRs in bri1 mutants were comparable to that of
wild type. The accumulation of biologically active BRs may result from
the inability to utilize these active BRs, the inability to regulate BR
biosynthesis in bri1 mutants, or both. Therefore,
BRI1 is required for the homeostasis of endogenous BR levels.
1
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (B) from the Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports and Culture of Japan (grant no. 10460050 to S.F.), by the
National Science Foundation (grant no. 9604439 to K.A.F.), and by the
U.S. Department of Agriculture (grant no. 97-353044708 to F.E.T.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail sfujioka{at}postman.riken.go.jp; fax
81-48-462-4674.
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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