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Plant Physiol, November 1999, Vol. 121, pp. 879-888
Glutathione and Homoglutathione Synthesis in Legume Root
Nodules1
Manuel A.
Matamoros,
Jose F.
Moran,
Iñaki
Iturbe-Ormaetxe,
Maria C.
Rubio, and
Manuel
Becana*
Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Estación
Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Apdo 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
High-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was used to study
thiol metabolism in legume nodules. Glutathione (GSH) was the major
non-protein thiol in all indeterminate nodules examined, as well as in
the determinate nodules of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata),
whereas homoglutathione (hGSH) predominated in soybean (Glycine
max), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris),
and mungbean (Vigna radiata)
nodules. All nodules had greater thiol concentrations than the leaves and roots of the same plants because of active thiol
synthesis in nodule tissue. The correlation between thiol tripeptides
and the activities of glutathione synthetase (GSHS) and homoglutathione
synthetase (hGSHS) in the nodules of eight legumes, and the contrasting
thiol contents and activities in alfalfa (Medicago
sativa) leaves (98% hGSH, 100% hGSHS) and
nodules (72% GSH, 80% GSHS) indicated that the distribution of GSH
and hGSH is determined by specific synthetases. Thiol contents and synthesis decreased with both natural and induced nodule senescence, and were also reduced in the senescent zone of indeterminate nodules. Thiols and GSHS were especially abundant in the meristematic and infected zones of pea (Pisum sativum)
nodules. Thiols and  -glutamylcysteinyl synthetase
were also more abundant in the infected zone of bean nodules, but hGSHS
was predominant in the cortex. Isolation of full-length cDNA sequences
coding for -glutamylcysteinyl synthetase from legume nodules
revealed that they are highly homologous to those from other higher plants.
1
This work was supported by the Dirección
General de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación
Científica (Ministry of Education and Culture, Spain; grant
nos. PB98-0522, 2FD97-1101, and HB98-163). M.A.M., J.F.M., I.I.-O.,
and M.C.R. were the recipients, respectively, of a predoctoral
fellowship from the Gobierno Vasco, a postdoctoral contract from the
Ministry of Education and Culture, a postdoctoral fellowship from the
European Union (Training and Mobility Program), and a predoctoral
fellowship from the Ministry of Education and Culture.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail becana{at}eead.csic.es; fax
34-976-575620.
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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