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Plant Physiol, November 1999, Vol. 121, pp. 897-904
The Progression of Cavitation in Earlywood Vessels of
Fraxinus mandshurica var japonica
during Freezing and Thawing1
Yasuhiro
Utsumi,
Yuzou
Sano,*
Ryo
Funada,
Seizo
Fujikawa, and
Jun
Ohtani
Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture (Y.U., Y.S.,
R.F., J.O.) and Institute of Low Temperature Science (S.F.), Hokkaido
University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
For an examination of the progression
of cavitation in large-diameter earlywood vessels of a deciduous
ring-porous tree, potted saplings of Fraxinus
mandshurica var japonica Maxim. were frozen and
then thawed. The changes in the amount and distribution of water in the
lumina of the current year's earlywood vessels during the course of
the freezing and thawing were visualized by cryo-scanning electron
microscopy. When samples were frozen, most of the current year's
earlywood vessels were filled with water. After the subsequent thawing,
the percentage of cavitated current-year earlywood vessels gradually
increased with time. All of the current year's earlywood vessels were
cavitated within 24 h, and only limited amounts of water remained
in the lumina of earlywood vessels. Similar cavitation of earlywood
vessels was observed after thawing of frozen, excised stem pieces. In
contrast, many vessels of the current year's latewood retained water
in the lumina during freezing and thawing. These observations indicate
that the cavitation of the current year's earlywood vessels is not
produced during freezing but progresses during rewarming after freezing
in F. mandshurica var japonica.
1
This study was supported by Grants-in-Aid for
Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and
Culture, Japan (nos. 08456083 and 10306010), by the Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science (grant no. JSPS-RFTF 96L00605), and by a
Research Fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
for Young Scientists (no. 10-2491).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail pirika{at}for.agr.hokudai.ac.jp; fax
81-11-736-1791.
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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