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Plant Physiol, January 2000, Vol. 122, pp. 117-126
Functional Significance and Induction by Solar Radiation of
Ultraviolet-Absorbing Sunscreens in Field-Grown Soybean
Crops1
Carlos A.
Mazza,
Hernán E.
Boccalandro,
Carla V.
Giordano,
Daniela
Battista,
Ana L.
Scopel, and
Carlos L.
Ballaré*
Agricultural Plant Physiology and Ecology Research Institute
(IFEVA), University of Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de
Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Avenida San
Martín 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Colorless phenylpropanoid derivatives
are known to protect plants from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, but their
photoregulation and physiological roles under field conditions have not
been investigated in detail. Here we describe a fast method to estimate
the degree of UV penetration into photosynthetic tissue, which is based
on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging. In Arabidopsis this technique clearly separated the UV-hypersensitive transparent
testa (tt) tt5 and
tt6 mutants from the wild type (WT) and
tt3, tt4, and tt7 mutants.
In field-grown soybean (Glycine max), we found
significant differences in UV penetration among cultivars with
different levels of leaf phenolics, and between plants grown under
contrasting levels of solar UV-B. The reduction in UV penetration
induced by ambient UV-B had direct implications for DNA integrity in
the underlying leaf tissue; thus, the number of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers caused by a short exposure to solar UV-B was much larger in
leaves with high UV transmittance than in leaves pretreated with solar
UV-B to increase the content phenylpropanoids. Most of the
phenylpropanoid response to solar UV in field-grown soybeans was
induced by the UV-B component (  315 nm). Our results
indicate that phenolic sunscreens in soybean are highly responsive to
the wavelengths that are most affected by variations in ozone levels, and that they play an important role in UV protection in the field.
1
This research was supported by grants from the
Secretariat of Science and Technology (Agencia Nacional de
Promoción Cientifica y Tecnológica, BID OC-AR 802 PID
no. 394 and PICT no. 00342).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail ballare{at}ifeva.edu.ar; fax
54-11-4514-8730.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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