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Plant Physiol, February 2000, Vol. 122, pp. 453-462

Interaction of Root Gravitropism and Phototropism in Arabidopsis Wild-Type and Starchless Mutants1

Stanislav Vitha,2 Liming Zhao, and Fred David Sack*

Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 (S.V., L.Z., F.D.S.); and Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovská 31, CZ-370 05 Ceské Budejovice, Czech Republic (S.V.).

Root gravitropism in wild-type Arabidopsis and in two starchless mutants, pgm1-1 and adg1-1, was evaluated as a function of light position to determine the relative strengths of negative phototropism and of gravitropism and how much phototropism affects gravitropic measurements. Gravitropism was stronger than phototropism in some but not all light positions in wild-type roots grown for an extended period, indicating that the relationship between the two tropisms is more complex than previously reported. Root phototropism significantly influenced the time course of gravitropic curvature and the two measures of sensitivity. Light from above during horizontal exposure overestimated all three parameters for all three genotypes except the wild-type perception time. At the irradiance used (80 µmol m-2 s-1), the shortest periods of illumination found to exaggerate gravitropism were 45 min of continuous illumination and 2-min doses of intermittent illumination. By growing roots in circumlateral light or by gravistimulating in the dark, corrected values were obtained for each gravitropic parameter. Roots of both starchless mutants were determined to be about three times less sensitive than prior estimates. This study demonstrates the importance of accounting for phototropism in the design of root gravitropism experiments in Arabidopsis.

1 This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant nos. NAGW-4472 and NAG5-3774).

2 Present address: Department of Biology, Mail Stop 314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557.

* Corresponding author; e-mail sack.1{at}osu.edu; fax 614-292-6345.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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