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Plant Physiol, February 2000, Vol. 122, pp. 471-480

The Gene pat-2, Which Induces Natural Parthenocarpy, Alters the Gibberellin Content in Unpollinated Tomato Ovaries1

Mariano Fos, Fernando Nuez, and José L. García-Martínez*

Departamento de Biología Vegetal (M.F.), Departamento de Biotecnología (Genética y Mejora Vegetal) (F.N.), and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (M.F., J.L.G.-M.), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022-Valencia, Spain.

We investigated the role of gibberellins (GAs) in the effect of pat-2, a recessive mutation that induces facultative parthenocarpic fruit development in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) using near-isogenic lines with two different genetic backgrounds. Unpollinated wild-type Madrigal (MA/wt) and Cuarenteno (CU/wt) ovaries degenerated, but GA3 application induced parthenocarpic fruit growth. On the contrary, parthenocarpic growth of MA/pat-2 and CU/pat-2 fruits, which occurs in the absence of pollination and hormone application, was not affected by GA3. Pollinated MA/wt and parthenocarpic MA/pat-2 ovary development was negated by paclobutrazol, and this inhibitory effect was counteracted by GA3. The main GAs of the early-13-hydroxylation pathway (GA1, GA3, GA8, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA44, GA53, and, tentatively, GA81) and two GAs of the non-13-hydroxylation pathway (GA9 and GA34) were identified in MA/wt ovaries by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring. GAs were quantified in unpollinated ovaries at flower bud, pre-anthesis, and anthesis. In unpollinated MA/pat-2 and CU/pat-2 ovaries, the GA20 content was much higher (up to 160 times higher) and the GA19 content was lower than in the corresponding non-parthenocarpic ovaries. The application of an inhibitor of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases suggested that GA20 is not active per se. The pat-2 mutation may increase GA 20-oxidase activity in unpollinated ovaries, leading to a higher synthesis of GA20, the precursor of an active GA.

1 This work was supported by Consellería de Cultura, Educación y Ciencia, Generalitat Valenciana (grant no. GV-D-AG-01-130-96 to F.N.) and Plan Nacional de Investigación y Ciencia, Biotecnología (grant no. BIO97-0578-C03-01 to J.L.G.M.).

* Corresponding author; e-mail jlgarcim{at}ibmcp.upv.es; fax 34-96-3877859.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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