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Plant Physiol, March 2000, Vol. 122, pp. 687-694
Aluminum Tolerance Genes on the Short Arm of Chromosome 3R
Are Linked to Organic Acid Release in Triticale1
Jian Feng
Ma,*
Shin
Taketa, and
Zhen Ming
Yang
Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Ikenobe 2393, Miki-cho,
Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan (J.F.M., S.T.); and
Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Chuo
2-20-1, Kurashiki 710-0041, Japan (Z.M.Y.)
Triticale, a hybrid between wheat and
rye, shows a high degree of Al tolerance that is inherited from rye,
but the mechanisms of high Al tolerance in both rye and triticale are
unknown. We found that the short arm of chromosome 3R carries genes
necessary for Al tolerance in triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmark cv Currency). Detailed
comparative studies with a 3DS.3RL translocation line (ST22) and a
non-substitution line (ST2) were conducted. Root elongation was
similarly inhibited by Al in ST2 and ST22 during the first 12 h of
Al treatment, but more strongly in ST22 than in ST2 at 18 h and
thereafter. The root inhibition induced by other metals (Cu, Cd, and
La) was similar between ST2 and ST22, suggesting that the action of the
genes for Al tolerance on the short arm of triticale chromosome 3R is
highly specific to Al. A 2-fold larger amount of malate and citrate was
released from the roots of ST2 than from ST22 at 12 and 18 h after
Al treatment, respectively. The marked lag phase in the inhibition of
root elongation and the release of organic acids implies that the
expression of genes on the short arm of triticale chromosome 3R is
induced by Al, and that these genes are necessary for the release of
organic acids.
1
This study was supported in part by a
Grant-in-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientists (no. 09760058 to
J.F.M.) and for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Fellows (to Z.M.Y.) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and
Culture of Japan, and by the Agricultural Science and Education Foundation.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail maj{at}ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp; fax
81-87-891-3137.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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