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Plant Physiol, May 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 177-188

Octadecanoid-Derived Alteration of Gene Expression and the "Oxylipin Signature" in Stressed Barley Leaves. Implications for Different Signaling Pathways1

Robert Kramell, Otto Miersch, Rainer Atzorn, Benno Parthier, and Claus Wasternack*

Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle/S., Germany

Stress-induced gene expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare cv Salome) leaves has been correlated with temporally changing levels of octadecanoids and jasmonates, quantified by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-single ion monitoring. Application of sorbitol-induced stress led to a low and transient rise of jasmonic acid (JA), its precursor 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA), and the methyl esters JAME and OPDAME, respectively, followed by a large increase in their levels. JA and JAME peaked between 12 and 16 h, about 4 h before OPDA and OPDAME. However, OPDA accumulated up to a 2.5-fold higher level than the other compounds. Dihomo-JA and 9,13-didehydro-OPDA were identified as minor components. Kinetic analyses revealed that a transient threshold of jasmonates or octadecanoids is necessary and sufficient to initiate JA-responsive gene expression. Although OPDA and OPDAME applied exogenously were metabolized to JA in considerable amounts, both of them can induce gene expression, as evidenced by those genes that did not respond to endogenously formed JA. Also, coronatine induces JA-responsive genes independently from endogenous JA. Application of deuterated JA showed that endogenous synthesis of JA is not induced by JA treatment. The data are discussed in terms of distinct signaling pathways.

1 This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn (grant no. SFB 363/C5).

* Corresponding author; e-mail cwastern{at}ipb.uni-halle.de; fax 49-345-5582-162.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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