|
Plant Physiol, June 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 543-552
Aluminum Accumulation at Nuclei of Cells in the Root Tip.
Fluorescence Detection Using Lumogallion and Confocal Laser Scanning
Microscopy1
Ivo R.
Silva,
T. Jot
Smyth,
Dana F.
Moxley,
Thomas E.
Carter,
Nina
S.
Allen, and
Thomas W.
Rufty*
Departments of Soil Science (I.R.S., T.J.S.), Botany (D.F.M.,
N.S.A.), and Crop Science (T.E.C., T.W.R.), North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7619
The mechanistic basis for Al toxicity effects on root growth is
still a matter of speculation, but it almost certainly involves decreased cell division at the root apex. In this series of
experiments, we attempt to determine whether Al enters meristematic
cells and binds to nuclei when roots are exposed to a low
Al3+ activity in solution. The methodology involved the use
of the Al-sensitive stain lumogallion (3-[2,4
dihydroxyphenylazo]-2-hydroxy-5-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid), the DNA
stain 4',6-diamino-phenylindole, and confocal laser scanning
microscopy. Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) cv Young (Al-sensitive) and PI 416937 (Al-tolerant) genotypes were exposed to
1.45 µM Al3+ for periods ranging from 30 min
to 72 h, and then washed with 10 mM citrate to remove
apoplastic Al. Fluorescence images show that within 30 min Al entered
cells of the sensitive genotype and accumulated at nuclei in the
meristematic region of the root tip. Substantial Al also was present at
the cell periphery. The images indicated that the Al-tolerant genotype
accumulated lower amounts of Al in meristematic and differentiating
cells of the root tip and their cell walls. Collectively, the results
support an important role for exclusion in Al tolerance.
1
This work was partially supported by
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível
Superior/Ministry of Education-Brazil through a scholarship (grant no.
2575/95-7 to I.R.S.) and by the United Soybean Board (grant no. 7208).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail tom_rufty{at}ncsu.edu; fax
919-515-5315.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
B. Narasimhamoorthy, E. B. Blancaflor, J. H. Bouton, M. E. Payton, and M. K. Sledge
A Comparison of Hydroponics, Soil, and Root Staining Methods for Evaluation of Aluminum Tolerance in Medicago truncatula (Barrel Medic) Germplasm
Crop Sci.,
February 6, 2007;
47(1):
321 - 328.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Illes, M. Schlicht, J. Pavlovkin, I. Lichtscheidl, F. Baluska, and M. Ovecka
Aluminium toxicity in plants: internalization of aluminium into cells of the transition zone in Arabidopsis root apices related to changes in plasma membrane potential, endosomal behaviour, and nitric oxide production
J. Exp. Bot.,
December 1, 2006;
57(15):
4201 - 4213.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. B. Kinraide, D. R. Parker, and R. W. Zobel
Organic acid secretion as a mechanism of aluminium resistance: a model incorporating the root cortex, epidermis, and the external unstirred layer
J. Exp. Bot.,
July 1, 2005;
56(417):
1853 - 1865.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Eticha, A. Stass, and W. J. Horst
Localization of aluminium in the maize root apex: can morin detect cell wall-bound aluminium?
J. Exp. Bot.,
May 1, 2005;
56(415):
1351 - 1357.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Doncheva, M. Amenos, C. Poschenrieder, and J. Barcelo
Root cell patterning: a primary target for aluminium toxicity in maize
J. Exp. Bot.,
April 1, 2005;
56(414):
1213 - 1220.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Ahn, M. Sivaguru, H. Osawa, G. C. Chung, and H. Matsumoto
Aluminum Inhibits the H+-ATPase Activity by Permanently Altering the Plasma Membrane Surface Potentials in Squash Roots
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 2001;
126(4):
1381 - 1390.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. R. Silva, T. J. Smyth, D. W. Israel, C. D. Raper, and T. W. Rufty
Magnesium is More Efficient than Calcium in Alleviating Aluminum Rhizotoxicity in Soybean and its Ameliorative Effect is not Explained by the Gouy-Chapman-Stern Model
Plant Cell Physiol.,
May 1, 2001;
42(5):
538 - 545.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. R. Silva, T. J. Smyth, D. W. Israel, C. D. Raper, and T. W. Rufty
Magnesium Ameliorates Aluminum Rhizotoxicity in Soybean by Increasing Citric Acid Production and Exudation by Roots
Plant Cell Physiol.,
May 1, 2001;
42(5):
546 - 554.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sivaguru, T. Fujiwara, J. Samaj, F. Baluska, Z. Yang, H. Osawa, T. Maeda, T. Mori, D. Volkmann, and H. Matsumoto
Aluminum-Induced 1right-arrow3-beta -D-Glucan Inhibits Cell-to-Cell Trafficking of Molecules through Plasmodesmata. A New Mechanism of Aluminum Toxicity in Plants
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2000;
124(3):
991 - 1006.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
