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Plant Physiol, June 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 589-596

Characterization of Auxin Conjugates in Arabidopsis. Low Steady-State Levels of Indole-3-Acetyl-Aspartate, Indole-3-Acetyl-Glutamate, and Indole-3-Acetyl-Glucose1

Yuen Yee Tam, Ephraim Epstein, and Jennifer Normanly*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 (Y.Y.T., J.N.); and Phytonutrients Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland (E.E.)

Amide-linked indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) conjugates constitute approximately 90% of the IAA pool in the dicot Arabidopsis, whereas ester-linked conjugates and free IAA account for approximately 10% and 1%, respectively when whole seedlings are measured. We show here that IAA-aspartate Asp, IAA-glutamate (Glu), and IAA-glucose (Glc) are present at low levels in Arabidopsis. Nine-day-old wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings yielded 17.4 ± 4.6 ng g-1 fresh weight IAA-Asp and 3.5 ± 1.6 ng g-1 fresh weight IAA-Glu, and IAA-Glc was present at 7 to 17 ng g-1 fresh weight in 12-d-old wild-type seedlings. Total IAA content in 9-d-old Arabidopsis seedlings was 1,200 ± 178 ng g-1 fresh weight, so these three IAA conjugates together made up only 3% of the conjugate pool throughout the whole plant. We detected less than wild-type levels of IAA-Asp and IAA-Glu (7.8 ± 0.4 ng g-1 fresh weight and 1.8 ± 0.3 ng g-1 fresh weight, respectively) in an Arabidopsis mutant that accumulates conjugated IAA. Our results are consistent with IAA-Asp, IAA-Glu, and IAA-Glc being either minor, transient, or specifically localized IAA metabolites under normal growth conditions and bring into question the physiological relevance of IAA-Asp accumulation in response to high concentrations of exogenous IAA.

1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. MCB9870798 to J.N.). E.E. was supported by the Department of Energy (grant no. DE-AI02-94ER20153 to J.D. Cohen).

* Corresponding author; normanly{at}biochem.umass.edu; fax 413-545-3291.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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