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Plant Physiol, July 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 979-986
The Regulation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic
Acid Synthase Gene Expression during the Transition from System-1
to System-2 Ethylene Synthesis in Tomato1
Cornelius S.
Barry,2
M. Immaculada
Llop-Tous,3 and
Donald
Grierson*
Plant Science Division, School of Biological Sciences, University
of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United
Kingdom
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) is one of the
key regulatory enzymes involved in the synthesis of the hormone
ethylene and is encoded by a multigene family containing at least eight
members in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Increased ethylene production accompanies ripening in tomato, and this coincides with a change in the regulation of ethylene synthesis from
auto-inhibitory to autostimulatory. The signaling pathways that operate
to bring about this transition from so-called system-1 to system-2
ethylene production are unknown, and we have begun to address these by investigating the regulation of ACS expression during
ripening. Transcripts corresponding to four ACS genes,
LEACS1A, LEACS2, LEACS4,
and LEACS6, were detected in tomato fruit, and
expression analysis using the ripening inhibitor
(rin) mutant in combination with ethylene treatments and
the Never-ripe (Nr) mutant has
demonstrated that each is regulated in a unique way. A proposed model
suggests that system-1 ethylene is regulated by the expression of
LEACS1A and LEACS6. In fruit a transition
period occurs in which the RIN gene plays a pivotal role
leading to increased expression of LEACS1A and induction
of LEACS4. System-2 ethylene synthesis is subsequently initiated and maintained by ethylene-dependent induction of
LEACS2.
1
This work was supported by the European Union
Fair Program (grant no. CT95 0225 to D.G.).
2
Present address: Department of Horticultural Sciences,
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133.
3
Present address: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail donald.grierson{at}nottingham.ac.uk;
fax 44-0-115-951-6334.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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