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Plant Physiol, August 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 1247-1256

Brassinosteroid-Insensitive-1 Is a Ubiquitously Expressed Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Serine/Threonine Kinase1

Danielle M. Friedrichsen,2 Claudio A.P. Joazeiro,2 Jianming Li,23 Tony Hunter, and Joanne Chory*

Plant Biology Laboratory (D.M.F., J.L., J.C.), Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory (C.A.P.J., T.H.), and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (J.C.), The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037; and Department of Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 (D.M.F.)

Brassinosteroid (BR) mutants of Arabidopsis have pleiotropic phenotypes and provide evidence that BRs function throughout the life of the plant from seedling development to senescence. Screens for BR signaling mutants identified one locus, BRI1, which encodes a protein with homology to leucine-rich repeat receptor serine (Ser)/threonine (Thr) kinases. Twenty-seven alleles of this putative BR receptor have been isolated to date, and we present here the identification of the molecular lesions of 14 recessive alleles that represent five new mutations. BR-insensitive-1 (BRI1) is expressed at high levels in the meristem, root, shoot, and hypocotyl of seedlings and at lower levels later in development. Confocal microscopy analysis of full-length BRI1 fused to green fluorescent protein indicates that BRI1 is localized in the plasma membrane, and an in vitro kinase assay indicates that BRI1 is a functional Ser/Thr kinase. Among the bri1 mutants identified are mutants in the kinase domain, and we demonstrate that one of these mutations severely impairs BRI1 kinase activity. Therefore, we conclude that BRI1 is a ubiquitously expressed leucine-rich repeat receptor that plays a role in BR signaling through Ser/Thr phosphorylation.

1 This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (to J.C.) and the National Institutes of Health (to T.H.). J.C. is an associate investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. T.H. is a Frank and Else Schilling American Cancer Society research professor. D.M.F. was partially supported by a National Institutes of Health Training Grant. C.A.P.J. and J.L. were American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellows.

2 These authors contributed equally to the paper.

3 Present address: Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.

* Corresponding author; e-mail chory{at}salk.edu; fax 858-558-6379.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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