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Plant Physiol, August 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 1387-1398

Production and Characterization of Diverse Developmental Mutants of Medicago truncatula1

R. Varma Penmetsa and Douglas R. Cook*

Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and Norman E. Borlaug Center for Southern Crop Improvement, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2132

The diploid annual legume Medicago truncatula has been developed as a tractable genetic system for studying biological questions that are unique to, or well suited for study in legume species. An efficient mutagenesis protocol using ethyl-methyl sulfonate and a polymorphic ecotype with properties appropriate for use as a mapping parent are described. Isolation and characterization of three developmental mutants are described. The mtapetala mutation results in homeotic conversions of floral organ whorls 2 and 3 into sepals and carpelloid structures, respectively, similar to mutations in the apetala3/pistillata genes of Arabidopsis. The palmyra mutation primarily affects seedling shoot meristem initiation, and thus phenocopies meristem function mutations identified in Arabidopsis such as the zwille locus. The phenotype of the palmyra and mtapetala double mutant is additive, with seedling shoot meristems and floral organs indistinguishable from those of the single palmyra and mtapetala mutants, respectively. These results are consistent with a lack of genetic interaction between these loci. A third mutant, speckle, is characterized by spontaneous necrotic lesion formation on leaves, root, and stems, similar to necrosis mutants identified in other plant species. In addition to documenting the efficient mutagenesis of M. truncatula, the availability of developmental mutants that phenocopy characterized Arabidopsis mutants will provide a basis for establishing orthologous gene function between M. truncatula and Arabidopsis, once the genes responsible are cloned. Moreover, the male-sterile, female-fertile nature of the mtapetala mutant provides a convenient tool for genetic analyses in M. truncatula.

1 This work was supported by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, by the National Science Foundation (grant no. IBN 9507535), and by a Tom Slick Graduate Fellowship from the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University.

* Corresponding author; e-mail dcook{at}ppserver.tamu.edu; fax 979-862-4790.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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