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Plant Physiol, August 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 1449-1458
Ethylene Perception by the ERS1 Protein in
Arabidopsis1
Anne E.
Hall,2
Jennifer L.
Findell,2
G.
Eric
Schaller,
Edward C.
Sisler, and
Anthony B.
Bleecker*
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
53706 (A.E.H., A.B.B.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 (J.L.F., G.E.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, North Carolina State
University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27650 (E.C.S.)
Ethylene perception in Arabidopsis is controlled by a family of
five genes, including ETR1, ERS1
(ethylene response sensor 1), ERS2, ETR2,
and EIN4. ERS1, the most highly conserved
gene with ETR1, encodes a protein with 67% identity to
ETR1. To clarify the role of ERS1 in ethylene sensing,
we biochemically characterized the ERS1 protein by heterologous
expression in yeast. ERS1, like ETR1, forms a membrane-associated,
disulfide-linked dimer. In addition, yeast expressing the ERS1 protein
contains ethylene-binding sites, indicating ERS1 is also an
ethylene-binding protein. This finding supports previous genetic
evidence that isoforms of ETR1 also function in plants as ethylene
receptors. Further, we used the ethylene antagonist
1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to characterize the ethylene-binding sites
of ERS1 and ETR1. We found 1-MCP to be both a potent inhibitor of the
ethylene-induced seedling triple response, as well as ethylene binding
by yeast expressing ETR1 and ERS1. Yeast expressing ETR1 and ERS1
showed nearly identical sensitivity to 1-MCP, suggesting that the
ethylene-binding sites of ETR1 and ERS1 have similar affinities for ethylene.
1
This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation (grant nos. MCB-9603679 to G.E.S. and MCB-9513463 to
A.B.B.), by the HATCH/U.S. Department of Agriculture project
(grant no. 386 to G.E.S.), by the U.S. Department of Energy (grant no.
DE-FG02-91ER20029 to A.B.B.), and by the U.S. Department of
Energy-National Science Foundation-U.S. Department of Agriculture
Collaborative Research in Plant Biology Program (grant no. BIR92-20311
to A.E.H.).
2
These authors contributed equally to the paper.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail bleecker{at}facstaff.wisc.edu; fax
608-262-7509.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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