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Plant Physiol, August 2000, Vol. 123, pp. 1593-1604
The Forms and Sources of Cytokinins in Developing White Lupine
Seeds and Fruits1
R.J. Neil
Emery,2
Qifu
Ma, and
Craig A.
Atkins*
Department of Botany and Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean
Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western
Australia 6907, Australia
A comprehensive range of cytokinins (CK) was identified and
quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in tissues of and in
xylem and phloem serving developing white lupine (Lupinus albus) fruits. Analyses were initiated at anthesis and included stages of podset, embryogenesis, and seed filling up to physiological maturation 77 d post anthesis (DPA). In the first 10 DPA,
fertilized ovaries destined to set pods accumulated CK. The proportion
of cis-CK:trans-CK isomers was initially 10:1 but declined to
less than 1:1. In ovaries destined to abort, the ratio of cis-isomers to trans-isomers remained high. During early podset, accumulation of CK
(30-40 pmol ovary 1) was accounted for by xylem and
phloem translocation, both containing more than 90% cis-isomers.
During embryogenesis and early seed filling (40-46 DPA), translocation
accounted for 1% to 14% of the increases of CK in endosperm (20 nmol
fruit1) and seed coat (15 nmol fruit1),
indicating synthesis in situ. High CK concentrations in seeds (0.6 µmol g1 fresh weight) were transient, declining rapidly
to less than 1% of maximum levels by physiological maturity. These
data pose new questions about the localization and timing of CK
synthesis, the significance of translocation, and the role(s) of CK
forms in reproductive development.
1
This research was funded by the Co-operative
Research Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture and the Grains
Research and Development Corporation of Australia.
2
Present address: Institut National de la Recherche
Agronomique, Unit 9 de Malherbiologie et Agronomie, 17 rue
Sully, BV 1540, 21034 Dijon cedex, France.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail catkins{at}cyllene.uwa.edu.au; fax
61-8-9380-1001.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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