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Plant Physiol, September 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 201-210
Biosynthetic Pathways of Brassinolide in
Arabidopsis1
Takahiro
Noguchi,
Shozo
Fujioka,*
Sunghwa
Choe,
Suguru
Takatsuto,
Frans E.
Tax,
Shigeo
Yoshida, and
Kenneth A.
Feldmann
Tama Biochemical Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-0704, Japan
(T.N.); RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research),
Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan (T.N., S.F., S.Y.); Departments of
Plant Sciences (S.C., K.A.F.) and Molecular and Cellular Biology
(F.E.T.), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721; and Department
of Chemistry, Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu-shi, Niigata
943-8512, Japan (S.T.)
Our previous studies on the endogenous brassinosteroids (BRs) in
Arabidopsis have provided suggestive evidence for the operation of the
early C6-oxidation and the late C6-oxidation pathways, leading to
brassinolide (BL) in Arabidopsis. However, to date the in vivo
operation of these pathways has not been fully confirmed in this
species. This paper describes metabolic studies using deuterium-labeled
BRs in wild-type and BR-insensitive mutant (bri1) seedlings to establish the intermediates of the biosynthetic pathway of
BL in Arabidopsis. The first evidence for the conversion of campestanol
to 6-deoxocathasterone and the conversion of 6-deoxocathasterone to
6-deoxoteasterone is provided. The later biosynthetic steps (6-deoxoteasterone  3-dehydro-6-deoxoteasterone 6-deoxotyphasterol 6-deoxocastasterone 6 -hydroxycastasterone castasterone BL) were
demonstrated by stepwise metabolic experiments. Therefore, these
studies complete the documentation of the late C6-oxidation pathway.
The biosynthetic sequence involved in the early C6-oxidation pathway
(teasterone 3-dehydroteasterone typhasterol castasterone BL) was also demonstrated. These results show that both the early
and late C6-oxidation pathways are functional in Arabidopsis. In
addition we report two new observations: the presence of a new branch
in the pathway, C6 oxidation of 6-deoxotyphasterol to typhasterol, and
increased metabolic flow in BR-insensitive mutants.
1
This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (B) from the Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports, and Culture of Japan (grant no. 10460050 to S.F.), by the
National Science Foundation (grant no. 9604439 to K.A.F.), and by the
U.S. Department of Agriculture (grant no. 97-35304-4708 to
F.E.T.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail sfujioka{at}postman.riken.go.jp; fax
81-48-462 4959.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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