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Plant Physiol, October 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 627-640
A DEFICIENS Homolog from the Dioecious Tree Black
Cottonwood Is Expressed in Female and Male Floral Meristems of the
Two-Whorled, Unisexual Flowers1
Lorraine A.
Sheppard,2
Amy M.
Brunner,
Konstantin V.
Krutovskii,3
William H.
Rottmann,4
Jeffrey
S.
Skinner,
Sheila S.
Vollmer,5 and
Steven H.
Strauss*
Genetics Program (L.A.S.) and Department of Forest Science (A.M.B.,
K.V.K., W.H.R., J.S.S., S.S.V., S.H.S.), Oregon State University,
Corvallis, Oregon 97331-5752
We isolated PTD, a member of the
DEFICIENS (DEF) family of MADS box
transcription factors, from the dioecious tree, black cottonwood
(Populus trichocarpa). In females, in situ hybridization experiments showed that PTD mRNA was first detectable in
cells on the flanks of the inflorescence meristem, before
differentiation of individual flowers was visually detectable. In
males, the onset of PTD expression was delayed until
after individual flower differentiation had begun and floral meristems
were developing. Although PTD was initially expressed
throughout the inner whorl meristem in female and male flowers, its
spatial expression pattern became sex-specific as reproductive
primordia began to form. PTD expression was maintained in stamen primordia, but excluded from carpel primordia, as well as
vegetative tissues. Although PTD is phylogenetically
most closely related to the largely uncharacterized TM6
subfamily of the
DEF/APETELA3(AP3)/TM6 group, its spatio-temporal expression patterns are more similar to that
of DEF and AP3 than to other members of
the TM6 subfamily.
1
This research was supported in part by the
National Science Foundation, by the U.S. Department of Agriculture
National Research Initiative (grant no. 93-37301-9425), by members of
the Tree Genetic Engineering Research Cooperative based at Oregon State
University (Alberta Pacific, Boise Cascade, Department of Energy
Biofeedstocks Program, Electric Power Research Institute, Fort
James, Georgia Pacific, International Paper, MacMillan Bloedel,
Monsanto, Potlatch, Shell, Union Camp, Westvaco, and Weyerhaeuser), and
by an endowment from the late Conrad Wessela.
2
Present address: Institute of Forest Genetics,
U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Department of
Environmental Horticulture, One Shields Avenue, University of
California, Davis, CA 95616.
3
Permanent address: Laboratory of Population
Genetics, N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy
of Sciences, 117809 GSP-1, Moscow B-333, Russia.
4
Present address: Westvaco Forest Science and
Technology, P.O. Box 1950, Summerville, SC 29484.
5
Present address: U.S. Department of
Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service National Forage Seed
Production Research Center, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR
97331-8539.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Steve.Strauss{at}orst.edu; fax
541-737-1393.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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