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Plant Physiol, November 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 1007-1018

Induced Plant Defense Responses against Chewing Insects. Ethylene Signaling Reduces Resistance of Arabidopsis against Egyptian Cotton Worm But Not Diamondback Moth1

Henrik U. Stotz,2 Barry R. Pittendrigh,3 Jürgen Kroymann, Kerstin Weniger, Jacqueline Fritsche, Antje Bauke, and Thomas Mitchell-Olds*

Department of Genetics and Evolution, Max-Planck-Institute of Chemical Ecology, Carl-Zeiss Promenade 10, 07745 Jena, Germany

The induction of plant defenses by insect feeding is regulated via multiple signaling cascades. One of them, ethylene signaling, increases susceptibility of Arabidopsis to the generalist herbivore Egyptian cotton worm (Spodoptera littoralis; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The hookless1 mutation, which affects a downstream component of ethylene signaling, conferred resistance to Egyptian cotton worm as compared with wild-type plants. Likewise, ein2, a mutant in a central component of the ethylene signaling pathway, caused enhanced resistance to Egyptian cotton worm that was similar in magnitude to hookless1. Moreover, pretreatment of plants with ethephon (2-chloroethanephosphonic acid), a chemical that releases ethylene, elevated plant susceptibility to Egyptian cotton worm. By contrast, these mutations in the ethylene-signaling pathway had no detectable effects on diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) feeding. It is surprising that this is not due to nonactivation of defense signaling, because diamondback moth does induce genes that relate to wound-response pathways. Of these wound-related genes, jasmonic acid regulates a novel beta -glucosidase 1 (BGL1), whereas ethylene controls a putative calcium-binding elongation factor hand protein. These results suggest that a specialist insect herbivore triggers general wound-response pathways in Arabidopsis but, unlike a generalist herbivore, does not react to ethylene-mediated physiological changes.

1 This work was supported by the Max-Planck Gesellschaft. T.M.-O. was also supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant no. DEB-9527725).

2 Present address: Zoologisches Institut der Universität zu Kiel (Biozentrum), Am Botanischen Garten 9, 24098 Kiel, Germany.

3 Present address: Department of Entomology, 1158 Smith Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.

* Corresponding author; e-mail tmo{at}ice.mpg.de; fax 49-3641-643668.

© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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