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Plant Physiol, November 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 959-970
Cell Surface Expansion in Polarly Growing Root Hairs of
Medicago truncatula1
Sidney L.
Shaw,
Jacques
Dumais, and
Sharon R.
Long*
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biological Sciences,
Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020
Fluorescent microspheres were used as material markers to
investigate the relative rates of cell surface expansion at the growing
tips of Medicago truncatula root hairs. From the
analysis of tip shape and microsphere movements, we propose three
characteristic zones of expansion in growing root hairs. The center of
the apical dome is an area of 1- to 2-µm diameter with relatively
constant curvature and high growth rate. Distal to the apex is a more
rapidly expanding region 1 to 2 µm in width exhibiting constant
surges of off-axis growth. This middle region forms an annulus of
maximum growth rate and is visible as an area of accentuated curvature in the tip profile. The remainder of the apical dome is characterized by strong radial expansion anisotropy where the meridional rate of
expansion falls below the radial expansion rate. Data also suggest
possible meridional contraction at the juncture between the apical dome
and the cell body. The cell cylinder distal to the tip expands slightly
over time, but only around the circumference. These data for surface
expansion in the legume root hair provide new insight into the
mechanism of tip growth and the morphogenesis of the root hair.
1
S.R.L. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes
Medical Institute. Additional support for this project was provided by
the National Science Foundation/Faculty Award to Women (grant no. DCB-9024330 to S.R.L.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Sharon.Long{at}stanford.edu; fax
650-725-8309.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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