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Plant Physiol, December 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 1637-1647
Profilin Plays a Role in Cell Elongation, Cell Shape Maintenance,
and Flowering in Arabidopsis1
Srinivasan
Ramachandran,
Hans E.M.
Christensen,
Yasuko
Ishimaru,
Chun-Hai
Dong,
Wen
Chao-Ming,
Ann L.
Cleary, and
Nam-Hai
Chua*
Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular
Agrobiology, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link,
Singapore 117604 (S.R., H.E.M.C., C.-H.D., W.C.-M.); Laboratory of
Plant Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue,
New York, New York 10021-6399 (Y.I., N.-H.C.); and Plant Cell Biology
Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National
University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
(A.L.C.)
Profilin (PFN) is an ubiquitous, low-Mr,
actin-binding protein involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton
of eukaryotes including higher plants. PFNs are encoded by a multigene
family in Arabidopsis. We have analyzed in vivo functions of
Arabidopsis PFN by generating transgenic plants carrying a
35S-PFN-1 or
35S-antisense PFN-1
transgene. Etiolated seedlings underexpressing PFN (PFN-U) displayed an
overall dwarf phenotype with short hypocotyls whose lengths were 20%
to 25% that of wild type (WT) at low temperatures. Light-grown PFN-U
plants were smaller in stature and flowered early. Compared with
equivalent cells in WT, most cells in PFN-U hypocotyls and roots were
shorter, but more isodiametric, and microscopic observations of
etiolated PFN-U hypocotyls revealed a rough epidermal surface. In
contrast, light-grown seedlings overexpressing PFN had longer
roots and root hair although etiolated seedlings overexpressing PFN
were either the same size or slightly longer than WT seedlings.
Transgenic seedlings harboring a
PFN-1-GUS transgene directed expression
in root and root hair and in a ring of cells at the elongating zone of
the root tip. As the seedlings matured PFN-1-GUS was
mainly expressed in the vascular bundles of cotyledons and leaves. Our
results show that Arabidopsis PFNs play a role in cell elongation, cell
shape maintenance, polarized growth of root hair, and unexpectedly, in
determination of flowering time.
1
This work was supported by a grant from the
National Science and Technology Board, Singapore. Work done at
Rockefeller University was supported in part by the Department of
Energy (grant no. 94ER20143 to N.H.C.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail chua{at}rockvax.rockefeller.edu; fax
212-327-8327.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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