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Plant Physiol, December 2000, Vol. 124, pp. 1697-1705
Trienoic Fatty Acids Are Required to Maintain Chloroplast
Function at Low Temperatures1
Jean-Marc
Routaboul,2
Steven F.
Fischer, and
John
Browse*
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University,
Pullman, Washington 99164-6340
The chloroplast membranes of all higher plants contain very high
proportions of trienoic fatty acids. To investigate how these lipid
structures are important in photosynthesis, we have generated a triple
mutant line of Arabidopsis that contains negligible levels of trienoic
fatty acids. For mutant plants grown at 22°C, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters were indistinguishable from wild type at
25°C. Lowering the measurement temperature led to a small decrease in
photosynthetic quantum yield,  II, in the mutant relative
to wild-type controls. These and other results indicate that low temperature has only a small effect on photosynthesis in the short term. However, long-term growth of plants at 4°C resulted in
decreases in fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content, and
thylakoid membrane content in triple-mutant plants relative to wild
type. Comparisons among different mutant lines indicated that these detrimental effects of growth at 4°C are strongly correlated with trienoic fatty acid content with levels of 16:3 + 18:3, approximately one-third of wild type being sufficient to sustain normal
photosynthetic function. In total, our results indicate that trienoic
fatty acids are important to ensure the correct biogenesis and
maintenance of chloroplasts during growth of plants at low temperatures.
1
This work was supported by the U.S.
National Science Foundation (grant nos. IBN-9407902 and 0084329) and
by the Agricultural Research Center, Washington State University.
S.F.F. was a student in the Plant Biochemistry Research and Training
Center under the U.S. Department of Energy (grant no.
DE-FG0694ER20160).
2
Present address: Laboratoire de Biologie des Semences,
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de St.-Cyr, 78026, Versailles cedex, France.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail jab{at}wsu.edu; fax 509-335-7643.
© 2000 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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