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Plant Physiol, February 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 1061-1073
The Arabidopsis eer1 Mutant Has Enhanced Ethylene
Responses in the Hypocotyl and Stem1
Paul B.
Larsen2 and
Caren
Chang*
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of
Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
By screening for enhanced ethylene-response
(eer) mutants in Arabidopsis, we isolated a novel
recessive mutant, eer1, which displays increased
ethylene sensitivity in the hypocotyl and stem. Dark-grown
eer1 seedlings have short and thick hypocotyls even in
the absence of added ethylene. This phenotype is suppressed, however,
by the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor 1-aminoethoxyvinyl-glycine. Following ethylene treatment, the dark-grown eer1
hypocotyl response is greatly exaggerated in comparison with the wild
type, indicating that the eer1 phenotype is not simply
due to ethylene overproduction. eer1 seedlings have
significantly elevated levels of basic-chitinase expression, suggesting that eer1 may be highly sensitive
to low levels of endogenous ethylene. Adult eer1 plants
display exaggerated ethylene-dependent stem thickening, which is an
ethylene response previously unreported in Arabidopsis.
eer1 also has enhanced responsiveness to the ethylene
agonists propylene and 2,5-norbornadiene. The eer1
phenotype is completely suppressed by the ethylene-insensitive mutation
etr1-1, and is additive with the constitutive
ethylene-response mutation ctr1-3. Our findings suggest
that the wild-type EER1 product acts to oppose ethylene
responses in the hypocotyl and stem.
1
This work was supported by the National Research
Initiative Competitive Grants Program/U.S. Department of Agriculture
(postdoctoral grant no. 97-35304-4921 to P.B.L.); by the Department
of Energy (grant no. 02-99ER20329 to C.C.); by the National Research
Initiative Competitive Grants Program/U.S. Department of Agriculture
(grant no. 98-35304-67-95 to C.C.); and by the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station.
2
Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University
of California, Riverside, CA 92521.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail cc203{at}umail.umd.edu; fax
301-314-9081.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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