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Plant Physiol, February 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 683-700
Molecular Interactions between the Specialist Herbivore
Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera, Sphingidae) and Its Natural
Host Nicotiana attenuata. I. Large-Scale Changes in
the Accumulation of Growth- and Defense-Related Plant
mRNAs1
Dieter
Hermsmeier,2
Ursula
Schittko, and
Ian T.
Baldwin*
Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical
Ecology, Carl Zeiss Promenade 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Plants respond to herbivore attack with a dramatic functional
reorganization that involves the activation of direct and indirect defenses and tolerance, which in turn make large demands on primary metabolism. Here we provide the first characterization of the transcriptional reorganization that occurs after insect attack in a
model plant-herbivore system: Nicotiana attenuata Torr.
ex Wats.-Manduca sexta. We used mRNA differential
display to characterize one-twentieth of the insect-responsive
transcriptome of N. attenuata and verified differential
expression for 27 cDNAs. Northern analyses were used to study the
effects of folivory and exposure to airborne methyl jasmonate and for
kinetic analyses throughout a 16-h- light/8-h-dark cycle. Sequence
similarity searches allowed putative functions to be assigned to 15 transcripts. Genes were related to photosynthesis, electron transport,
cytoskeleton, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, signaling, and a group
responding to stress, wounding, or invasion of pathogens. Overall,
transcripts involved in photosynthesis were strongly down-regulated,
whereas those responding to stress, wounding, and pathogens and
involved in shifting carbon and nitrogen to defense were strongly
up-regulated. The majority of transcripts responded similarly to
airborne methyl jasmonate and folivory, and had tissue- and
diurnal-specific patterns of expression. Transcripts encoding Thr
deaminase (TD) and a putative retrotransposon were absent in control
plants, but were strongly induced after herbivory. Full-length
sequences were obtained for TD and the pathogen-inducible  -dioxygenase, PIOX. Effects of abiotic and biotic stimuli were investigated for transcripts encoding TD, importin , PIOX, and a
GAL83-like kinase cofactor.
1
This work was supported by the Max Planck Gesellschaft.
2
Present address: Department of Genetics and
Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Carl Zeiss
Promenade 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Baldwin{at}ice.mpg.de; fax
49-3641-643653.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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