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Plant Physiol, February 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 926-934
Sucrose Metabolism in Plastids1
Nathalie
Gerrits,
Stefan C.H.J.
Turk,2
Kees P.M.
van Dun,
Stephan H.D.
Hulleman,
Richard G.F.
Visser,
Peter J.
Weisbeek, and
Sjef C.M.
Smeekens*
Departments of Molecular Plant Physiology and Molecular Cell
Biology, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The
Netherlands (N.G., S.C.H.J.T., P.J.W., S.C.M.S.); Advanta Seeds, P.O.
Box 1, 4410 AA Rilland, The Netherlands (K.P.M.v.D.); Agrotechnological
Research Institute, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
(S.H.D.H.); and Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen Agricultural
University, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
(R.G.F.V.)
The question whether sucrose (Suc) is present inside plastids has
been long debated. Low Suc levels were reported to be present inside
isolated chloroplasts, but these were argued to be artifacts of the
isolation procedures used. We have introduced Suc-metabolizing enzymes
in plastids and our experiments suggest substantial Suc entry into
plastids. The enzyme levansucrase from Bacillus subtilis efficiently synthesizes fructan from Suc. Targeting of this enzyme to
the plastids of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and potato
(Solanum tuberosum) plants leads to high-level fructan
accumulation in chloroplasts and amyloplasts, respectively. Moreover,
introduction of this enzyme in amyloplasts leads to an altered starch
structure. Expression of the yeast invertase in potato tuber
amyloplasts results in an 80% reduction of total Suc content, showing
efficient hydrolysis of Suc by the plastidic invertase. These
observations suggest that Suc can enter plastids efficiently and they
raise questions as to its function and metabolism in this organelle.
1
This work was financially supported by the
Ministry of Economic Affairs, by the Ministry of Education, Culture,
and Science, and by the Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management, and
Fishery in the framework of an industrial relevant research program of the Netherlands Association of Biotechnology Centers in the
Netherlands. S.T. was financially supported by the European Union-Food
and Agro-Industrial Research (program no. PL-96-1896).
2
Present address: Keygene, P.O. Box 216, 6700 AE
Wageningen, The Netherlands.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail j.c.m.smeekens{at}bio.uu.nl; fax
31-30-2513655.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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