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Plant Physiol, February 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 955-968
A Comparative Molecular-Physiological Study of Submergence
Response in Lowland and Deepwater Rice1
Dominique
Van Der Straeten,*
Zhongyi
Zhou,
Els
Prinsen,
Harry A.
Van Onckelen, and
Marc C.
Van Montagu
Vakgroep Moleculaire Genetica and Departement Plantengenetica,
Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB),
Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
(D.V.D.S., Z.Z., M.C.V.M.); and Laboratorium voor Plantenfysiologie,
Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610
Wilrijk, Belgium (E.P., H.A.V.O.)
Survival of rice (Oryza sativa) upon an extreme rise
of the water level depends on rapid stem elongation, which is mediated by ethylene. A genomic clone (OS-ACS5) encoding
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase, which catalyzes a
regulatory step in ethylene biosynthesis, has been isolated from cv
IR36, a lowland rice variety. Expression was induced upon short- and
long-term submergence in cv IR36 and in cv Plai Ngam, a Thai deepwater
rice variety. Under hypoxic conditions, abscisic acid and gibberellin
had a reciprocal opposite effect on the activity of
OS-ACS5. Gibberellin up-regulated and abscisic acid
down-regulated OS-ACS5 mRNA accumulation. Growth experiments indicated that lowland rice responded to submergence with a
burst of growth early on, but lacked the ability to sustain elongation
growth. Sustained growth, characteristic for deepwater rice, was
correlated with a prolonged induction of OS-ACS5. In addition, a more pronounced capacity to convert ACC to ethylene, a
limited ACC conjugation, and a high level of endogenous
gibberellin20 were characteristic for the deepwater
variety. An elevated level of OS-ACS5 messenger was
found in cv IR36 plants treated with exogenous ACC. This observation
was concomitant with an increase in the capacity of converting ACC to
ethylene and in elongation growth, and resulted in prolonged survival.
In conclusion, OS-ACS5 is involved in the rapid
elongation growth of deepwater rice by contributing to the initial and
long-term increase in ethylene levels. Our data also suggest that ACC
limits survival of submerged lowland rice seedlings.
1
This research was supported by the European
Union (grant no. International Scientific Cooperation China
CI1*-CT93-0082) and by the Geconcerteerde Overlegde Acties (grant no.
GOA 96016). D.V.D.S. and H.A.V.O. are Research Directors of the Fund
for Scientific Research (Flanders).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail dostr{at}gengenp.rug.ac.be; fax
32-9-2645349.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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