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Plant Physiol, March 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 1325-1341
Toward Integration of Comparative Genetic, Physical, Diversity,
and Cytomolecular Maps for Grasses and Grains, Using the Sorghum Genome
as a Foundation1
Xavier
Draye,2
Yann-Rong
Lin,3
Xiao-yin
Qian,4
John E.
Bowers,
Gloria B.
Burow,
Peter L.
Morrell,
Daniel G.
Peterson,
Gernot G.
Presting,
Shu-xin
Ren,
Rod
A.
Wing, and
Andrew H.
Paterson*
Applied Genetic Technology Center, Departments of Crop and Soil
Science, Botany, and Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens,
Georgia 30602 (X.D., X.-y.Q., J.E.B., G.B.B., P.L.M., D.G.P., A.H.P.);
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-2474 (X.D., Y.-R.L., X.-y.Q., G.B.B., P.L.M.,
S.-x.R., A.H.P.); Genomics Institute, Clemson University,
Clemson, South Carolina 29632-0001 (G.G.P., R.A.W.)
The small genome of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) provides an important template for study of closely related
large-genome crops such as maize (Zea mays) and
sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), and is a logical complement to
distantly related rice (Oryza sativa) as a "grass
genome model." Using a high-density RFLP map as a framework, a robust
physical map of sorghum is being assembled by integrating hybridization
and fingerprint data with comparative data from related taxa such as
rice and using new methods to resolve genomic duplications into
locus-specific groups. By taking advantage of allelic variation
revealed by heterologous probes, the positions of corresponding loci on
the wheat (Triticum aestivum), rice, maize, sugarcane,
and Arabidopsis genomes are being interpolated on the sorghum physical
map. Bacterial artificial chromosomes for the small genome of rice are
shown to close several gaps in the sorghum contigs; the emerging rice
physical map and assembled sequence will further accelerate progress.
An important motivation for developing genomic tools is to relate
molecular level variation to phenotypic diversity. "Diversity
maps," which depict the levels and patterns of variation in different
gene pools, shed light on relationships of allelic diversity with
chromosome organization, and suggest possible locations of genomic
regions that are under selection due to major gene effects (some of
which may be revealed by quantitative trait locus mapping). Both
physical maps and diversity maps suggest interesting features that may
be integrally related to the chromosomal context of DNA progress in
cytology promises to provide a means to elucidate such relationships.
We seek to provide a detailed picture of the structure, function, and
evolution of the genome of sorghum and its relatives, together with
molecular tools such as locus-specific sequence-tagged site DNA markers and bacterial artificial chromosome contigs that will have enduring value for many aspects of genome analysis.
1
This research was funded by the Belgian American
Educational Foundation (to X.D.); by the Rockefeller Foundation (to
X.Q. and A.H.P.); by the U.S. National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (to R.A.W. and A.H.P.); by the U.S. Department of
Agriculture National Research Initiative Plant Genome Program (to
D.G.P. and A.H.P.); by the International Consortium for Sugarcane Biotechnology (to R.A.W. and A.H.P.); by the National Grain Sorghum Producers (to R.A.W. and A.H.P.); by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program; and by the Texas, Georgia (to
A.H.P.), and South Carolina (to R.A.W.) Agricultural Experiment Stations.
2
Department of Applied Biology, Université
Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/11, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
3
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung
University, Tau-Yuan, Taiwan 333, People's Republic of China.
4
Institute of Genetics, Fudan University, People's
Republic of China.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail paterson{at}uga.edu; fax
706- 583-0160.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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