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Plant Physiol, March 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 1499-1507
A Role for Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate in Gravitropic Signaling
and the Retention of Cold-Perceived Gravistimulation of Oat Shoot
Pulvini1
Imara Y.
Perera,2*
Ingo
Heilmann,2
Soo Chul
Chang,
Wendy F.
Boss, and
Peter B.
Kaufman
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (I.Y.P.,
I.H., W.F.B.); and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (S.C.C.,
P.B.K.)
Plants sense positional changes relative to the gravity
vector. To date, the signaling processes by which the perception of a
gravistimulus is linked to the initiation of differential growth are
poorly defined. We have investigated the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) in the gravitropic response of
oat (Avena sativa) shoot pulvini. Within 15 s of
gravistimulation, InsP3 levels increased 3-fold over
vertical controls in upper and lower pulvinus halves and fluctuated in
both pulvinus halves over the first minutes. Between 10 and 30 min of
gravistimulation, InsP3 levels in the lower pulvinus half
increased 3-fold over the upper. Changes in InsP3 were
confined to the pulvinus and were not detected in internodal tissue,
highlighting the importance of the pulvinus for both graviperception
and response. Inhibition of phospholipase C blocked the long-term
increase in InsP3, and reduced gravitropic bending by 65%.
Short-term changes in InsP3 were unimpaired by the
inhibitor. Gravitropic bending of oat plants is inhibited at 4°C;
however, the plants retain the information of a positional change and
respond at room temperature. Both short- and long-term changes in
InsP3 were present at 4°C. We propose a role for
InsP3 in the establishment of tissue polarity during the
gravitropic response of oat pulvini. InsP3 may be involved in the retention of cold-perceived gravistimulation by providing positional information in the pulvini prior to the redistribution of auxin.
1
This work was supported by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration Specialized Center of Research and
Training (grant no. NAGW-4984 to W.F.B.), by the Binational
Agricultural Research and Development Fund (grant no. IS2434-94 to
P.B.K.), and by a Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (fellowship
HSPIII to I.H.) financed by the German Federal Ministry of Education,
Science, Research, and Technology.
2
These authors contributed equally to this work.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail imara_perera{at}ncsu.edu; fax
919-515-3436.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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