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Plant Physiol, April 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 1667-1678
Tuber Physiology and Properties of Starch from Tubers of
Transgenic Potato Plants with Altered Plastidic Adenylate Transporter
Activity1
Peter
Geigenberger,*
Claudia
Stamme,
Joachim
Tjaden,
Alexander
Schulz,
Paul W.
Quick,
Thomas
Betsche,
H. J.
Kersting, and
H.
Ekkehard
Neuhaus
Botanisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im
Neuenheimer Feld 360, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany (P.G.);
Pflanzenphysiologie, Universität Kaiserslautern,
Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
(C.S., J.T., H.E.N.); The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University,
Department of Plant Biology, 40 Thorvaldsenvej, DK-1871 Frederiksberg
C, Copenhagen, Denmark (A.S.); University of Sheffield, Department of
Animal and Plant Sciences, P.O. Box 601, Sheffield S10 2UQ, United
Kingdom (P.W.Q); and Bundesforschungsanstalt für Getreide-,
Kartoffel-, und Fettforschung, Schützenberg 12, D-32756 Detmold,
Germany (T.B., H.J.K.)
We showed recently that antisense plants with decreased activity of
the plastidic ATP/ADP-transporter protein exhibit drastically reduced
levels of starch and a decreased amylose/amylopectin ratio, whereas
sense plants with increased activity of the transporter possessed more
starch than wild-type plants and an increased amylose/amylopectin ratio. In this paper we investigate the effect of altered plastidic ATP/ADP-transporter protein expression on primary metabolism and granule morphology in more detail. Tuber tissues from antisense and
sense plants exhibited substantially increased respiratory activity
compared with the wild type. Tubers from antisense plants contained
markedly increased levels of free sugars, UDP-Glc, and hexose
phosphates, whereas phosphoenolpyruvate, isocitrate,
ATP, ADP, AMP, UTP, UDP, and inorganic pyrophosphate levels were
slightly decreased. In contrast, tubers from sense plants revealed a
slight increase in adenine and uridine nucleotides and in the levels of
inorganic pyrophosphate, whereas no significant changes in the levels
of soluble sugars and metabolites were observed. Antisense tubers
contained 50% reduced levels of ADP-Glc, whereas sense tubers
contained up to 2-fold increased levels of this sole precursor for
starch biosynthesis. Microscopic examination of starch grain morphology
revealed that the size of starch grains from antisense tubers was
substantially smaller (50%) compared with the wild type. The large
starch grains from sense tubers appeared of a more angular morphology,
which differed to the more ellipsoid shape of wild type grains. The
results suggest a close interaction between plastidial adenylate
transport and starch biosynthesis, indicating that ADP-Glc
pyrophosphorylase is ATP-limited in vivo and that changes in ADP-Glc
concentration determine starch yield, as well as granule morphology.
Possible factors linking starch synthesis and respiration are discussed.
1
This work was supported by the
Sonderforschunsgbereich 431 (Teilprojekt K7 to H.E.N.), by the Fonds
der Chemischen Industrie (grant to H.E.N.), and by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant to P.G.).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail
pgeig{at}mail.bot.uni-heidelberg.de; fax 49-6221-545859.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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