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Plant Physiol, April 2001, Vol. 125, pp. 2001-2006
Isoprene Increases Thermotolerance of Fosmidomycin-Fed
Leaves1
Thomas D.
Sharkey,*
Xiuyin
Chen, and
Sansun
Yeh
Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive,
Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Isoprene is synthesized and emitted in large amounts by a number of
plant species, especially oak (Quercus sp.) and aspen (Populus sp.) trees. It has been suggested that isoprene
improves thermotolerance by helping photosynthesis cope with high
temperature. However, the evidence for the thermotolerance hypothesis
is indirect and one of three methods used to support this hypothesis
has recently been called into question. More direct evidence required
new methods of controlling endogenous isoprene. An inhibitor of the
deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate pathway, the alternative pathway to the
mevalonic acid pathway and the pathway by which isoprene is made, is
now available. Fosmidomycin eliminates isoprene emission without
affecting photosynthesis for several hours after feeding to detached
leaves. Photosynthesis of fosmidomycin-fed leaves recovered less
following a 2-min high-temperature treatment at 46°C than did
photosynthesis of leaves fed water or fosmidomycin-fed leaves in air
supplemented with isoprene. Photosynthesis of Phaseolus
vulgaris leaves, which do not make isoprene, exhibited
increased thermotolerance when isoprene was supplied in the airstream
flowing over the leaf. Other short-chain alkenes also improved
thermotolerance, whereas alkanes reduced thermotolerance. It is
concluded that thermotolerance of photosynthesis is a substantial
benefit to plants that make isoprene and that this benefit explains why
plants make isoprene. The effect may be a general hydrocarbon effect
and related to the double bonds in the isoprene molecule.
1
This research was supported by the National
Science Foundation (grant no. IBN-9975482).
*
Corresponding author; email tsharkey{at}facstaff.wisc.edu; fax
608-262-7509.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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