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Plant Physiol, May 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 97-108
An Early Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Induced Oxidative Burst in
Tobacco Indicates Extracellular Perception of the Virus Coat
Protein1
Andrew C.
Allan,2
Moshe
Lapidot,
James N.
Culver, and
Robert
Fluhr*
Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O.
Box 26, Rehovot 76100, Israel (A.C.A., R.F.); Department of Virology,
Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan
50250, Israel (M.L.); and Center for Agricultural Biotechnology,
University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-4450
(J.N.C.)
Induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed within
seconds of the addition of exogenous tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to the
outside of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv Samsun NN, EN, or nn) epidermal cells. Cell death was correlated with ROS production. Infectivity of the TMV virus was not a prerequisite for this
elicitation and isolated coat protein (CP) subunits could also elicit
the fast oxidative burst. The rapid induction of ROS was prevented by
both inhibitors of plant signal transduction and inhibitors of NAD(P)H
oxidases, suggesting activation of a multi-step signal transduction
pathway. Induction of intracellular ROS by TMV was detected in
TMV-resistant and -susceptible tobacco cultivars isogenic for the
N allele. The burst was also detected with strains of virus that either elicit (ToMV) or fail to elicit (TMV U1)
N' gene-mediated responses. Hence, early ROS generation
is independent or upstream of known genetic systems in tobacco that can
mediate hypersensitive responses. Analysis of other viruses and TMV CP mutants showed marked differences in their ability to induce ROS showing specificity of the response. Thus, initial TMV-plant cell interactions that lead to early ROS induction occur outside the plasma
membrane in an event requiring specific CP epitopes.
1
This work was supported by the Israel Ministry
of Culture, Science, and Sport within a cooperative program with the
Ministry of Science and Technology of South Korea, by the German
Minerva Foundation, by the European Commission Project (grant no.
BIO4-96-0101), and by a long-term European Molecular Biology
Organization postdoctoral fellowship (to A.C.A.).
2
Present address: HortResearch, Private Bag 92169, 120 Mount Albert Road, Auckland, New Zealand.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail robert.fluhr{at}weizmann.ac.il; fax
00972-8-9344181.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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