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Plant Physiol, June 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 696-706
Inventory of the Superfamily of P-Type Ion Pumps in
Arabidopsis1
Kristian B.
Axelsen and
Michael G.
Palmgren*
SwissProt Group, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1 rue Michel
Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland (K.B.A.); and Plant Physiology
and Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology, The Royal
Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871
Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark (M.G.P.)
A total of 45 genes encoding for P-type ATPases have been
identified in the complete genome sequence of Arabidopsis. Thus, this
plant harbors a primary transport capability not seen in any other
eukaryotic organism sequenced so far. The sequences group in all five
subfamilies of P-type ATPases. The most prominent subfamilies are
P1B ATPases (heavy metal pumps; seven members), P2A and P2B ATPases (Ca2+ pumps; 14 in total), P3A ATPases (plasma membrane H+
pumps; 12 members including a truncated pump, which might represent a
pseudogene or an ATPase-like protein with an alternative function), and
P4 ATPases (12 members). P4 ATPases have been
implicated in aminophosholipid flipping but it is not known whether
this is a direct or an indirect effect of pump activity. Despite this apparent plethora of pumps, Arabidopsis appears to be lacking Na+ pumps and secretory pathway (PMR1-like)
Ca2+-ATPases. A cluster of Arabidopsis heavy metal pumps
resembles bacterial
Zn2+/Co2+/Cd2+/Pb2+
transporters. Two members of the cluster have extended C termini containing putative heavy metal binding motifs. The complete inventory of P-type ATPases in Arabidopsis is an important starting point for
reverse genetic and physiological approaches aiming at elucidating the
biological significance of these pumps.
1
The work in the laboratory of M.G.P. was
supported by the European Union's Biotechnology Program and by the
Human Frontier Science Program Organization.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail palmgren{at}biobase.dk; fax
45-3528-3365.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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