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Plant Physiol, June 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 717-730

The Arabidopsis Embryo Mutant schlepperless Has a Defect in the Chaperonin-60alpha Gene

Nestor R. Apuya,1 Ramin Yadegari,2 Robert L. Fischer, John J. Harada, J. Lynn Zimmerman, and Robert B. Goldberg*

Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, 621 Charles E. Young Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095 (N.R.A., R.Y., R.B.G.); Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3102 (R.L.F.); Department of Plant Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (J.J.H.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21228 (J.L.Z.)

We identified a T-DNA-generated mutation in the chaperonin-60alpha gene of Arabidopsis that produces a defect in embryo development. The mutation, termed schlepperless (slp), causes retardation of embryo development before the heart stage, even though embryo morphology remains normal. Beyond the heart stage, the slp mutation results in defective embryos with highly reduced cotyledons. slp embryos exhibit a normal apical-basal pattern and radial tissue organization, but they are morphologically retarded. Even though slp embryos are competent to transcribe two late-maturation gene markers, this competence is acquired more slowly as compared with wild-type embryos. slp embryos also exhibit a defect in plastid development-they remain white during maturation in planta and in culture. Hence, the overall developmental phenotype of the slp mutant reflects a lesion in the chloroplast that affects embryo development. The slp phenotype highlights the importance of the chaperonin-60alpha protein for chloroplast development and subsequently for the proper development of the plant embryo and seedling.

1 Present Address: Ceres, Inc., 3007 Malibu Canyon Road, Malibu, CA 90265.

2 Present address: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0036.

* Corresponding author; email bobg{at}ucla.edu; fax 310-825-8201.

© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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