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Plant Physiol, July 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 956-964
Cellular and Subcellular Localization of
S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine:Benzoic Acid
Carboxyl Methyltransferase, the Enzyme Responsible for Biosynthesis of
the Volatile Ester Methylbenzoate in Snapdragon
Flowers1
Natalia
Kolosova,
Debra
Sherman,
Dale
Karlson, and
Natalia
Dudareva*
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture (N.K., D.K.,
N.D.) and Agricultural Research Programs (D.S.), Purdue University,
West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
The benzenoid ester, methylbenzoate is one of the most abundant
scent compounds detected in the majority of snapdragon
(Antirrhinum majus) varieties. It is produced in upper
and lower lobes of petals by enzymatic methylation of benzoic acid in
the reaction catalyzed by
S-adenosyl-L-methionine:benzoic acid
carboxyl methyltransferase (BAMT). To identify the location of
methylbenzoate biosynthesis, we conducted an extensive
immunolocalization study by light and electron microscopy at cellular
and subcellular levels using antibodies against BAMT protein. BAMT was
immunolocalized predominantly in the conical cells of the inner
epidermal layer and, to a much lesser extent, in the cells of the outer
epidermis of snapdragon flower petal lobes. It was also located in the
inner epidermis of the corolla tube with little BAMT protein detected
in the outer epidermis and in the yellow hairs within the tube on the
bee's way to the nectar. These results strongly suggest that scent
biosynthetic genes are expressed almost exclusively in the epidermal
cells of floral organs. Immunogold labeling studies reveal that BAMT is
a cytosolic enzyme, suggesting cytosolic location of methylbenzoate biosynthesis. The concentration of scent production on flower surfaces
that face the pollinators during landing may increase pollination
efficiency and also help to minimize the biosynthetic cost of
advertising for pollinators.
1
This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation (grant no. IBN-9904910) and by the Fred Gloeckner
Foundation, Inc. This paper is contribution no. 16,446 from Purdue
University Agricultural Experimental Station.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail dudareva{at}hort.purdue.edu; fax
765-494-0391.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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