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Plant Physiol, July 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 993-1000
Ozone Quenching Properties of Isoprene and Its Antioxidant Role
in Leaves1
Francesco
Loreto,*
Michela
Mannozzi,
Christophe
Maris,
Pamela
Nascetti,
Francesco
Ferranti, and
Stefania
Pasqualini
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biochimica ed
Ecofisiologia Vegetali,Via Salaria Km 29,300, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo,
Roma, Italy (F.L., M.M., C.M., P.N.); and Università degli studi
di Perugia. Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie
Agroambientali, Borgo XX Giugno, 74-06121 Perugia, Italy (F.F.,
S.P.)
Isoprene is formed in and emitted by plants and the reason for this
apparent carbon waste is still unclear. It has been proposed that
isoprene stabilizes cell and particularly chloroplast thylakoid membranes. We tested if membrane stabilization or isoprene reactivity with ozone induces protection against acute ozone exposures. The reduction of visible, physiological, anatomical, and ultrastructural (chloroplast) damage shows that clones of plants sensitive to ozone and
unable to emit isoprene become resistant to acute and short exposure to
ozone if they are fumigated with exogenous isoprene, and that
isoprene-emitting plants that are sensitive to ozone do not suffer
damage when exposed to ozone. Isoprene-induced ozone resistance is
associated with the maintenance of photochemical efficiency and with a
low energy dissipation, as indicated by fluorescence quenching. This
suggests that isoprene effectively stabilizes thylakoid membranes.
However, when isoprene reacts with ozone within the leaves or in a
humid atmosphere, it quenches the ozone concentration to levels that
are less or non-toxic for plants. Thus, protection from ozone in plants
fumigated with isoprene may be due to a direct ozone quenching rather
than to an induced resistance at membrane level. Irrespective of the
mechanism, isoprene is one of the most effective antioxidants in plants.
1
This work was supported by the European
Union-International Cooperation Programme (project no.
IC5-CT98-0102).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail franci{at}mlib.cnr.it; fax
39-06-9064492.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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