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Plant Physiol, August 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 1358-1369
The Complete Set of Genes Encoding Major Intrinsic Proteins in
Arabidopsis Provides a Framework for a New Nomenclature for Major
Intrinsic Proteins in Plants1
Urban
Johanson,*
Maria
Karlsson,
Ingela
Johansson,
Sofia
Gustavsson,
Sara
Sjövall,
Laure
Fraysse,
Alfons R.
Weig, and
Per
Kjellbom
Department of Plant Biochemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden (U.J., M.K., I.J., S.G., S.S., L.F., P.K.); and
Department of Plant Physiology, University of Bayreuth,
Universitätsstrasse 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
(A.R.W.)
Major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) facilitate the passive transport of
small polar molecules across membranes. MIPs constitute a very old
family of proteins and different forms have been found in all kinds of
living organisms, including bacteria, fungi, animals, and plants. In
the genomic sequence of Arabidopsis, we have identified 35 different
MIP-encoding genes. Based on sequence similarity, these 35 proteins are
divided into four different subfamilies: plasma membrane intrinsic
proteins, tonoplast intrinsic proteins, NOD26-like intrinsic proteins
also called NOD26-like MIPs, and the recently discovered small basic
intrinsic proteins. In Arabidopsis, there are 13 plasma membrane
intrinsic proteins, 10 tonoplast intrinsic proteins, nine NOD26-like
intrinsic proteins, and three small basic intrinsic proteins. The gene
structure in general is conserved within each subfamily, although there
is a tendency to lose introns. Based on phylogenetic comparisons of
maize (Zea mays) and Arabidopsis MIPs (AtMIPs), it is
argued that the general intron patterns in the subfamilies were formed
before the split of monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Although the gene
structure is unique for each subfamily, there is a common pattern in
how transmembrane helices are encoded on the exons in three of the subfamilies. The nomenclature for plant MIPs varies widely between different species but also between subfamilies in the same species. Based on the phylogeny of all AtMIPs, a new and more consistent nomenclature is proposed. The complete set of AtMIPs, together with the
new nomenclature, will facilitate the isolation, classification, and
labeling of plant MIPs from other species.
1
This work was supported by the Swedish Council
for Forestry and Agricultural Research, by the Swedish Natural Science
Research Council, by the European Union-Biotech Program (grant no.
BIO4-CT98-0024), by the Swedish Strategic Network for Plant
Biotechnology, and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail Urban.Johanson{at}plantbio.lu.se; fax
46-46-2224116.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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December 1, 2001;
127(4):
1556 - 1567.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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R. Morillon and M. J. Chrispeels
The role of ABA and the transpiration stream in the regulation of the osmotic water permeability of leaf cells
PNAS,
November 9, 2001;
(2001)
231471998.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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R. Morillon and M. J. Chrispeels
The role of ABA and the transpiration stream in the regulation of the osmotic water permeability of leaf cells
PNAS,
November 20, 2001;
98(24):
14138 - 14143.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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