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Plant Physiol, August 2001, Vol. 126, pp. 1725-1737
Chemical Composition of the Prunus laurocerasus Leaf
Surface. Dynamic Changes of the Epicuticular Wax Film during Leaf
Development1
Reinhard
Jetter* and
Stefanie
Schäffer
Julius-von-Sachs-Institut für Biowissenschaften, Lehrstuhl
für Botanik II, Universität Würzburg,
Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
The seasonal development of adaxial Prunus
laurocerasus leaf surfaces was studied using newly developed
methods for the mechanical removal of epicuticular waxes. During
epidermal cell expansion, more than 50 µg leaf 1 of
alkyl acetates accumulated within 10 d, forming an epicuticular wax film approximately 30 nm thick. Then, alcohols dominated for 18 d of leaf development, before alkanes accumulated in an
epicuticular wax film with steadily increasing thickness (approximately
60 nm after 60 d), accompanied by small amounts of fatty acids,
aldehydes, and alkyl esters. In contrast, the intracuticular waxes
stayed fairly constant during development, being dominated by
triterpenoids that could not be detected in the epicuticular waxes. The
accumulation rates of all cuticular components are indicative for
spontaneous segregation of intra- and epicuticular fractions during
diffusional transport within the cuticle. This is the first report
quantifying the loss of individual compound classes (acetates and
alcohols) from the epicuticular wax mixture. Experiments with isolated
epicuticular films showed that neither chemical conversion within the
epicuticular film nor erosion/evaporation of wax constituents could
account for this effect. Instead, transport of epicuticular compounds back into the tissue seems likely. Possible ecological and
physiological functions of the coordinate changes in the composition of
the plant surface layers are discussed.
1
This work was supported by the Fonds der
Chemischen Industrie (grant) and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(grant no. Sonderforschungsbereich 567 "Mechanisms of
Interspecific Interactions of Organisms").
*
Corresponding author; e-mail jetter{at}botanik.uni-wuerzburg.de;
fax 49-931-888-6235.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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