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Plant Physiol, September 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 315-323
Hormonal Changes in the Grains of Rice Subjected to Water Stress
during Grain Filling1
Jianchang
Yang,
Jianhua
Zhang,*
Zhiqing
Wang,
Qingsen
Zhu, and
Wei
Wang
College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu,
China (J.Y., Z.W., Q.Z., W.W.); and Department of Biology, Hong Kong
Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China (J.Z.)
Lodging-resistant rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars
usually show slow grain filling when nitrogen is applied in large
amounts. This study investigated the possibility that a hormonal change may mediate the effect of water deficit that enhances whole plant senescence and speeds up grain filling. Two rice cultivars showing high
lodging resistance and slow grain filling were field grown and applied
with either normal or high amount nitrogen (HN) at heading.
Well-watered and water-stressed (WS) treatments were imposed 9 days
post anthesis to maturity. Results showed that WS increased
partitioning of fixed 14CO2 into grains,
accelerated the grain filling rate but shortened the grain filling
period, whereas the HN did the opposite way. Cytokinin (zeatin + zeatin
riboside) and indole-3-acetic acid contents in the grains transiently
increased at early filling stage and WS treatments hastened their
declines at the late grain filling stage. Gibberellins (GAs;
GA1 + GA4) in the grains were also high at
early grain filling but HN enhanced, whereas WS substantially reduced,
its accumulation. Opposite to GAs, abscisic acid (ABA) in the grains
was low at early grain filling but WS remarkably enhanced its
accumulation. The peak values of ABA were significantly correlated with
the maximum grain filling rates (r = 0.92**,
P < 0.01) and the partitioning of fixed
14C into grains (r = 0.95**,
P < 0.01). Exogenously applied ABA on pot-grown HN rice
showed similar results as those by WS. Results suggest that an altered
hormonal balance in rice grains by water stress during grain filling,
especially a decrease in GAs and an increase in ABA, enhances the
remobilization of prestored carbon to the grains and accelerates the
grain filling rate.
1
This work was supported by the FRG of Hong Kong
Baptist University, by the RGC of Hong Kong University Council, by the
AOE Research Found of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, by
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project no.
39970424), and by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan
(grant no. G1999011700).
*
Corresponding author; e-mail jzhang{at}hkbu.edu.hk; fax
852-2339-5995.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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