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Plant Physiol, September 2001, Vol. 127, pp. 324-333
A Fungal Endoglucanase with Plant Cell Wall Extension
Activity1
Sheng
Yuan,2
Yajun
Wu,3 and
Daniel
J.
Cosgrove*
Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Lab, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
We have identified a wall hydrolytic enzyme from Trichoderma
reesei with potent ability to induce extension of
heat-inactivated type I cell walls. It is a small (23-kD)
endo-1,4- -glucanase (Cel12A) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family
12. Extension of heat-inactivated walls from cucumber (Cucumis
sativus cv Burpee Pickler) hypocotyls was induced by Cel12A
after a distinct lag time and was accompanied by a large increase in
wall plasticity and elasticity. Cel12A also increased the rate of
stress relaxation of isolated walls at very short times (<200 ms;
equivalent to reducing t0, a parameter that
estimates the minimum relaxation time). Similar changes in wall
plasticity and elasticity were observed in wheat (Triticum
aestivum cv Pennmore Winter) coleoptile (type II) walls, which
showed only a negligible extension in response to Cel12A treatment.
Thus, Cel12A modifies both type I and II walls, but substantial
extension is found only in type I walls. Cel12A has strong
endo-glucanase activity against xyloglucan and (1 3,14)--glucan, but did not exhibit
endo-xylanase, endo-mannase, or
endo-galactanase activities. In terms of kinetics of
action and effects on wall rheology, wall loosening by Cel12A differs qualitatively from the action by expansins, which induce wall extension
by a non-hydrolytic polymer creep mechanism. The action by Cel12A
mimics some of the changes in wall rheology found after auxin-induced
growth. The strategy used here to identify Cel12A could be used to
identify analogous plant enzymes that cause auxin-induced changes in
cell wall rheology.
1
This work was supported by a grant from the U.S.
Department of Energy.
2
Present address: Department of Biology, Nanjing Normal
University, Nanjing 210024, People's Republic of China.
3
Present address: Torrey Mesa Research Institute,
Syngenta, 3115 Merryfield Row, Suite 100, San Diego, CA 92121.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail dcosgrove{at}psu.edu; fax
814-865-9131.
© 2001 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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